Thermal stability of Ti3AlC2 in Ar-10vol.%CO atmosphere

Gai, Jianli; Chen, Jixin; Li, Meishuan

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.04.012

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…However, the Ti 3 AlC 2 phase finally decomposes into TiC 0.67 and Al as a gaseous phase at above 1200 ℃ in vacuum, as described by Reaction (4) [33]. It has been reported that the decomposition of Ti 3 AlC 2 occurs at 1250 ℃ in an Ar or Ar-10 vol% CO atmosphere, resulting in the resultant products of TiC 0.67 and Al 2 O 3 [34]. Wang and Zhou [35] found that Ti 3 AlC 2 powder even decomposes at a temperature of as low as 600 ℃, and its decomposition rate is faster than that of the bulk counterpart in Ar [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healing behavior of Ti2AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure

Yao

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

J Adv Ceram

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Ti2AlC, a MAX phase ceramic, has an attractive self-healing ability to restore performance via the oxidation-induced crack healing mechanism upon healing at high temperatures in air (high oxygen partial pressures). However, such healing ability to repair damages in vacuum or low oxygen partial pressure conditions remains unknown. Here, we report on the self-healing behavior of Ti2AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure of about 1 Pa. The experimental results showed that the strength recovery depends on both healing temperature and time. After healing at 1400 °C for 1–4 h, the healed samples exhibited the recovered strengths even exceeding the original strength of 375 MPa. The maximum recovered strength of ∼422 MPa was achieved in the healed Ti2AlC sample after healing at 1400 °C for 4 h, about 13% higher than the original strength. Damages were healed by the formed TiCx from the decomposition of Ti2AlC. The decomposition-induced crack healing as a new mechanism in the low oxygen partial pressure condition was disclosed for the MAX ceramics. The present study illustrates that key components made of Ti2AlC can prolong their service life and keep their reliability during use at high temperatures in low oxygen partial pressures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healing behavior of Ti2AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure

Yao

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

J Adv Ceram

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“…For the internal particles, the out-diffusion of aluminum was unapparent, indicating the weak reaction of internal Ti 3 AlC 2 particles with the atmosphere. Gai et al 48,49 reported that CO could accelerate the decomposition of Ti 3 AlC 2 , caused by the formation of orderly arranged pores during the out-diffusion of aluminum/titanium. In this work, the external Ti 3 AlC 2 particles preferentially reacted with the CO-containing atmosphere over the internal particles.…”

Section: Phase and Microstructure Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation mechanism of TiC/Al₂O₃ composite from porous Ti₃AlC₂ ceramics in 35 vol.% CO‐N₂ atmosphere

Xiao

Wei

Peng³

et al. 2023

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Thermal reaction and microstructure evolution of porous Ti3AlC2 ceramics in a graphite bed (65% N2 and 35% CO) between 1100 and 1500°C were investigated in this work. The main products of Ti3AlC2 in a graphite bed were titanium carbide and alumina. At 1100°C, a thin alumina layer formed on the Ti3AlC2 particles due to the outward diffusion of slight aluminum. As the temperature increased to 1300°C, more aluminum diffused outward from the Ti3AlC2 particles, and a partial of Ti3AlC2 transformed into titanium carbide. Consequently, the alumina layer formed on the surface of particles got thicker, and defects occurred inside the particles due to the Kirkendall effect. When the temperature was 1500°C, Ti3AlC2 was transformed entirely into alumina and titanium carbide, and visible pores were left inside the particles. The formation mechanism of TiC/Al2O3 composite from porous Ti3AlC2 ceramics in a graphite bed was proposed in detail.

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“…The thermal stability of Ti 3 AlC 2 at 1250–1400 °C in a 10% CO-Ar atmosphere has been investigated by Gai et al [40]. Decomposition of Ti 3 AlC 2 was observed to commence at 1250 °C and a mixture layer of Ti(O,C) and Al 2 O 3 formed at 1250–1300 °C.…”

Section: Controlling Parameters On Decomposition or Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Parameters Controlling the Decomposition and Degradation of Ti-Based Mn+1AXn Phases

Low

2019

Materials

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A critical overview of the various parameters, such as annealing atmospheres, pore microstructures, and pore sizes, that are critical in controlling the decomposition kinetics of Ti-based MAX phases is given in this paper. Ti-based MAX phases tend to decompose readily above 1400 °C during vacuum annealing to binary carbide (e.g., TiCx) or binary nitride (e.g., TiNx), primarily through the sublimation of A elements such as Al or Si, forming in a porous MXx surface layer. Arrhenius Avrami equations were used to determine the activation energy of phase decomposition and to model the kinetics of isothermal phase decomposition. Ironically, the understanding of phase decomposition via exfoliating or selective de-intercalation by chemical etching formed the catalyst for the sensational discovery of Mxenes in 2011. Other controlling parameters that also promote decomposition or degradation as reported in the literature are also briefly reviewed and these include effects of pressure and ion irradiations.

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Thermal stability of Ti3AlC2 in Ar-10vol.%CO atmosphere

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Self-healing behavior of Ti2AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure

Self-healing behavior of Ti2AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure

Formation mechanism of TiC/Al₂O₃ composite from porous Ti₃AlC₂ ceramics in 35 vol.% CO‐N₂ atmosphere

An Overview of Parameters Controlling the Decomposition and Degradation of Ti-Based Mn+1AXn Phases

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Thermal stability of Ti3AlC2 in Ar-10vol.%CO atmosphere

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Self-healing behavior of Ti2AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure

Self-healing behavior of Ti2AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure

Formation mechanism of TiC/Al2O3 composite from porous Ti3AlC2 ceramics in 35 vol.% CO‐N2 atmosphere

An Overview of Parameters Controlling the Decomposition and Degradation of Ti-Based Mn+1AXn Phases

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Formation mechanism of TiC/Al₂O₃ composite from porous Ti₃AlC₂ ceramics in 35 vol.% CO‐N₂ atmosphere