Thermal stability and oxidation resistance of laser clad TiVCrAlSi high entropy alloy coatings on Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Huang, Chen Hung; Zhang, Yongzhong; Jianyun, Shen; Vilar, R.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.08.063

Cited by 218 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…During this process, metallic powders addition into the melt pool result in the redistribution of alloy elements in the melt pool [7,8]. Due to the difference in chemical composition and thermophysical property of substrate and added material, a great deal of defects, involving the non-fusion owing to insufficient heat transfer, the formation of brittle intermetallic compound and low melting point eutectics owing to inappropriate solute transport, all make the deposited layer prone to crack and failure [9,4,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of thermal behavior and multicomponent mass transfer in direct laser deposition of Co-base alloy on steel

Gan

et al. 2017

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

329

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a b s t r a c tDuring direct laser deposition process, rapid melting-solidification and addition of multicomponent powder lead to complex transport phenomena in the melt pool. The thermal behavior and mass transport significantly affect the solidified microstructure and properties of fabricated layer. In this paper, an improved 3D numerical model is proposed to simulate the heat transfer, fluid flow, solidification and multicomponent mass transport in direct laser deposition of Co-base alloy on steel. The solidification characteristics, including temperature gradient (G), solidification growth rate (R) and cooing rate (G Â R), can be obtained by transient thermal distribution to predict the morphology and scale of the solidification microstructure. Multicomponent transport equation based on a mixture-averaged approach is combined with other conservation equations. The calculated melt pool geometry and the composition profiles of iron (Fe), carbon (C), cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) are compared with the experimental results. The results show that in the initial stage of direct laser deposition, the rapidly mixture of substrate material and added material occur in the melt pool and conduct plays an important role in heat transfer due to the low Peclet number. As the melt pool is developed, the heat and mass transfer in the melt pool are dominated by strong Marangoni convection. An unmixed zone is observed near the bottom of melt pool where the convection is frictionally dissipated due to the presence of solidified dendrites. Since the G/R decreases and G Â R increases from the bottom to the top of the solidified track, the morphology of the microstructure changes from planar front to columnar dendrites to equiaxed dendrites and the grain size decreases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of thermal behavior and multicomponent mass transfer in direct laser deposition of Co-base alloy on steel

Gan

et al. 2017

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

329

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…11 Apart from bulk material consolidation methods such as casting and sintering, HEAs can also be deposited as a surface coating. Various techniques of welding, 9,12 thermal spraying, 13 selective laser melting, 14 direct laser deposition 8,[15][16][17][18] and additive manufacturing [19][20][21][22] are already reported in the literature as experimental methods to produce HEA coatings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a mixture has been used to clad TiVCrAlSi HEA on Ti-6Al-4V substrate. 15 We have noticed also disadvantages of these direct deposition methods of HEAs, namely, the evaporation of certain elements, different rates of intake of the powders, as well as dilution of the coating materials by the substrate during laser cladding. To avoid complications with powder feeding, a mixture of commercial pure elemental powders could be preplaced on the surface and then remelted by the laser beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing of High-Entropy Alloys by Laser Processing

Ocelík

Janssen

Smith

et al. 2016

JOM

130

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This contribution concentrates on the possibilities of additive manufacturing of high-entropy clad layers by laser processing. In particular, the effects of the laser surface processing parameters on the microstructure and hardness of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were examined. AlCoCrFeNi alloys with different amounts of aluminum prepared by arc melting were investigated and compared with the laser beam remelted HEAs with the same composition. Attempts to form HEAs coatings with a direct laser deposition from the mixture of elemental powders were made for AlCoCrFeNi and AlCrFeNiTa composition. A strong influence of solidification rate on the amounts of face-centered cubic and bodycentered cubic phase, their chemical composition, and spatial distribution was detected for two-phase AlCoCrFeNi HEAs. It is concluded that a high-power laser is a versatile tool to synthesize interesting HEAs with additive manufacturing processing. Critical issues are related to the rate of (re)solidification, the dilution with the substrate, powder efficiency during cladding, and differences in melting points of clad powders making additive manufacturing processing from a simple mixture of elemental powders a challenging approach.

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“…In recent years, great efforts have been focused on HEA films prepared by the magnetron sputtering method, such as, TiVCrAlZrN x [7], (TiVCrZrHf)N [8], (AlCrMoTaTi)N [9], FeCoNiCuVZrAl [10], etc. It has been shown that these HEA films display many advantages in terms of both mechanical and physical properties, high hardness and wear resistance [11][12][13], high resistance to corrosion [14], and oxidation [15], and excellent thermal stability especially when used as diffusion barriers in copper metallization [16][17][18][19]. It is well-known that transition metal nitride coatings usually show high hardness, good thermal stability, and excellent wear resistance properties, which make them widely used as protective coatings in mechanical cutting tools at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Crystallization of High-Entropy Amorphous NbTiAlSiWxNy Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

Sheng

Yang

Wang

et al. 2016

Entropy

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High-entropy amorphous NbTiAlSiW x N y films (x = 0 or 1, i.e., NbTiAlSiN y and NbTiAlSiWN y ) were prepared by magnetron sputtering method in the atmosphere of a mixture of N 2 + Ar (N 2 + Ar = 24 standard cubic centimeter per minute (sccm)), where N 2 = 0, 4, and 8 sccm). All the as-deposited films present amorphous structures, which remain stable at 700˝C for over 24 h. After heat treatment at 1000˝C the films began to crystalize, and while the NbTiAlSiN y films (N 2 = 4, 8 sccm) exhibit a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure, the NbTiAlSiW metallic films show a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure and then transit into a FCC structure composed of nanoscaled particles with increasing nitrogen flow rate. The hardness and modulus of the as-deposited NbTiAlSiN y films reach maximum values of 20.5 GPa and 206.8 GPa, respectively. For the as-deposited NbTiAlSiWN y films, both modulus and hardness increased to maximum values of 13.6 GPa and 154.4 GPa, respectively, and then decrease as the N 2 flow rate is increased. Both films could be potential candidates for protective coatings at high temperature.

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Thermal stability and oxidation resistance of laser clad TiVCrAlSi high entropy alloy coatings on Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Cited by 218 publications

References 34 publications

Numerical simulation of thermal behavior and multicomponent mass transfer in direct laser deposition of Co-base alloy on steel

Numerical simulation of thermal behavior and multicomponent mass transfer in direct laser deposition of Co-base alloy on steel

Additive Manufacturing of High-Entropy Alloys by Laser Processing

Nano-Crystallization of High-Entropy Amorphous NbTiAlSiWxNy Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

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