Thermal stability and flame resistance of cotton fabrics treated with whey proteins

Bosco, Francesca; Carletto, Riccardo Andrea; Alongi, Jenny; Marmo, Luca; Blasio, Alessandro Di; Malucelli, Giulio

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.12.075

Cited by 160 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Given that whey proteins are known to possess remarkable oxygen barrier properties and a high affinity for water , they were recently investigated by (Bosco et al 2013) to study their effect on the thermal degradation of cotton. A beneficial effect was observed.…”

Section: Whey Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flammability behaviour of wood and a review of the methods for its reduction

2013

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Wood is one of the most sustainable, aesthetically pleasing and environmentally benign materials. Not only is wood often an integral part of structures, it is also the main source of furnishings found in homes, schools, and offices around the world. The often inevitable hazards of fire make wood a very desirable material for further investigation. As well as ignition resistance and a low heat release rate, timber products have long been required to resist burnthrough and maintain structural integrity whilst continuing to provide protection when exposed to fire or heat. Various industry standard tests are thus required to ensure adequate protection from fire is provided. When heated, wood undergoes thermal degradation and combustion to produce gases, vapours, tars and char. In order to understand and alter the fire behaviour of wood, it is necessary to know in as much detail as possible about its processes of decomposition. Various thermal analysis and flammability assessment techniques are utilised for this purpose, including thermogravimetric analysis, cone calorimetry and the single burning item test. The results of such tests are often highly dependent on various parameters including changes to the gas composition, temperature, heating rate, and sample shape size. Potential approaches for fire retarding timber are reviewed, identifying two main approaches: char formation and isolating layers. Other potential approaches are recognised, including the use of inorganic minerals, such as sericrite, and metal foils in combination with intumescent products. Formulations containing silicon, nitrogen and phosphorus have been reported, and efforts to retain silicon in the wood have been successful using micro-layers of silicon dioxide. Nano-scale fire retardants, such as nanocomposite coatings, are considered to provide a new generation of fire retardants, and may have potential for wood. Expandable graphite is identified for use in polymers and has potential for wood provided coating applications are preferred.

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Section: Whey Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flammability behaviour of wood and a review of the methods for its reduction

2013

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“…7;Bosco et al 2013;Girardi et al 2011). The thermal decomposition peaks are 370 and 363°C for untreated and DSPCM-treated cotton, respectively.…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of Covalent Bondingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Covalent bonding and photochromic properties of double-shell polyurethane-chitosan microcapsules crosslinked onto cotton fabric

2015

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The research aims at treating cotton fabrics with double-shell polyurethane-chitosan photochromic microcapsules using the coating method. FTIR indicated that an acylamino group formed between the hydroxyl of cotton fabric and amino group of the chitosan shell. The surface morphology of treated cotton fabrics revealed the compact and uniform distribution of double-shell polyurethanechitosan microcapsules on cotton fabrics. Factors affecting the covalent bonding such as the citric acid (CA) and double-shell polyurethane-chitosan microcapsule (DSPCM) concentration were studied. The K/ S value of treated fabric using 9 wt% CA increased significantly; it increased by 157.0 % compared with 5 % CA. It remained almost unchanged when the CA concentration was 11 wt%. In addition, as for 7 wt% CA-treated cotton fabric, the K/S value increased by 53.5 %. The K/S values increased by 27.29 and 42.08 %, respectively, when the concentration reached 4 and 6 wt%. The color properties of samples treated with 8 wt% concentration microcapsules increased by 44.72 %. The K/S value decreased slightly after increased launderings. It decreased by 1.73 % after 30 launderings, but did not present any changes after 40 launderings; it decreased by 8.55 % after 50 launderings. The surface morphology of treated cotton fabric samples after 50 launderings remained almost the same as the original ones. It can be speculated that the covalent bonding fastness between DSPCM and cotton fabric is good. Additionally, it possesses good thermal stability. It can be concluded that 9 % citric acid concentration and 8 % DSPCM concentration allow obtaining bright and uniform color and a quick response to UV-Vis light.

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“…They have also reported that DNA contains phosphate, carbonaceous deoxyribose units, polysaccharide dehydrate and some essential amino acids, which are helping in carbonaceous char formation and ammonia release, thus making the cotton textile thermally stable (Alongi et al 2013). Attempts have also been made to impart fire retardant to cotton fabrics with whey proteins, casein and hydrophobins due to their phosphate, disulphide and protein content, as they can influence the pyrolysis by an early char formation (Bosco et al 2012;Carosio et al 2014). Similarly, a very few applications of plant extract (e.g., biomolecules) being used for imparting flame retardant finishing to any cellulosic material has been reported till date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Thermally stable cellulosic paper made using banana pseudostem sap, a wasted by-product

et al. 2015

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Fire resisting property was imparted to cellulosic paper by the application of a bio-enriched version of a banana pseudostem sap (BPS) as well as the only BPS, obtained as a byproduct during fibre extraction from the pseudostem. The papers were evaluated for their flame retardant property by measurement of limiting oxygen index and vertical flammability. They were also characterized by thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The bio-enriched BPS treated paper was found to exhibit a better flame retardancy with distinguished char length, compared to the control and the only BPS treated paper. The impartment of flame resisting property to a paper by the BPS, along with its charring behaviour has been discussed and the mechanism thereon has been postulated. The BPS application was found to enhance the oxygen required for the burning of the paper and reduce its burning rate by promoting more dehydration and char formation. The imparted fire retardant finish found durable to weathering, did not cause any significant loss in tear and tensile properties of the paper.

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Thermal stability and flame resistance of cotton fabrics treated with whey proteins

Cited by 160 publications

References 15 publications

Flammability behaviour of wood and a review of the methods for its reduction

Flammability behaviour of wood and a review of the methods for its reduction

Covalent bonding and photochromic properties of double-shell polyurethane-chitosan microcapsules crosslinked onto cotton fabric

Thermally stable cellulosic paper made using banana pseudostem sap, a wasted by-product

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