Thermal stability and fire behaviour of flame retardant high density rigid foams based on hydromagnesite-filled polypropylene composites

Realinho, Vera; Ibarra, Laia Haurie; Antunes, Marcelo; Velasco, José Ignácio

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.11.015

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…An optimum concentration of 2 wt% GnP was found in terms of guaranteeing the maximum thermal stability in the earlier stages of thermal decomposition (see Figure 9), with PEI-GnP foams with higher GnP amounts (5 and 10 wt%) displaying faster decompositions. This behaviour was attributed to the existence of two competitive effects of GnP in terms of the thermal stability of the foam: on the one hand the already mentioned physical barrier effect of GnP, delaying the escape of volatiles from the pyrolysis in the same way as other fillers having similar platelet-like morphologies [25]; and on the other hand its inherently high thermal conductivity, explaining the faster thermal decomposition in the first decomposition stage of foams with higher GnP contents, counteracting GnP's barrier effect observed at lower amounts. In the second stage the high ther- Figure 9.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced polyetherimide foams prepared by water vapor-induced phase separation

Abbasi¹,

Antunes²,

Velasco³

2015

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The present work considers the preparation of medium-density polyetherimide foams reinforced with variable amounts of graphene nanoplatelets (1-10 wt%) by means of water vapor-induced phase separation (WVIPS) and their characterization . A homogeneous closed-cell structure with cell sizes around 10 µm was obtained, with foams exhibiting zero crystallinity according to X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen showed a two-step thermal decomposition behaviour for both unfilled and graphene-reinforced foams, with foams containing graphene presenting thermal stability improvements, related to a physical barrier effect promoted by the nanoplatelets. Thermo-mechanical analysis indicated that the specific storage modulus of the nanocomposite foams significantly increased owing to the high stiffness of graphene and finer cellular morphology of the foams. Although foamed nanocomposites displayed no further sign of graphene nanoplatelets exfoliation, the electrical conductivity of these foams was significant even for low graphene contents, with a tunnel-like model fitting well to the evolution of the electrical conductivity with the amount of graphene.

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Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced polyetherimide foams prepared by water vapor-induced phase separation

Abbasi¹,

Antunes²,

Velasco³

2015

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…The delay in the decomposition could also be attributed to the simultaneous formation of char during the early stage of the decomposition, resulting in an effective protection for the material [25]. A tortuous path for gas and heat diffusion may have been created by the dispersed graphene nanoplatelets, delaying the escape of pyrolysis gases [19,26].…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of Low Density Polycarbonate-graphene Nanomentioning

confidence: 99%

Low density polycarbonate–graphene nanocomposite foams produced by supercritical carbon dioxide two-step foaming. Thermal stability

Gedler

Antunes

Velasco

2016

Composites Part B: Engineering

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“…Realinho et al [24], developed lame-retardant polypropylene composite foams by combining a basic hydrated magnesium carbonate (hydromagnesite), an intumescent additive based on ammonium polyphosphate, an organo modiied-montmorillonite (MMT), and graphene nanoplatelets with PP. Azodicarbonamide was used in chemical foaming.…”

Section: Polypropylene-based Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic Foams: Processing, Manufacturing, and Characterization

Altan¹

2018

Recent Research in Polymerization

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Polymer foams have wide application area due to their light weight, resistance to impact, high thermal insulation, and damping properties. Automotive, packing industry, electronic, aerospace, building construction, bedding, and medical applications are some of the ields that polymer foams have been used. However, depending on their cell structure-open or closed cell-polymer foams have diferent properties and diferent application areas. In this work, the most used thermoplastic foams with closed cells such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene or polylactic acid have been focused. Their melt strength, degree of crystallinity for semi-crystalline ones, and viscosity have great importance on cell morphology. Cells in small diameter with high dense in polymer matrix are preferable. However, obtaining ine cells is not easy in each case, and it is still under investigation for some polymers. There are several ways to improve cell morphology, and one of them is addition of nanoparticle to the polymer. During foaming process, nanoparticles behave like nucleating agent that cells nucleate at the boundary between polymer and the nanoparticle. Besides, foaming agents contribute the homogenous dispersion of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, and this improves the properties of the polymer foams and generates multifunctional material as polymer nanocomposite foams.

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Thermal stability and fire behaviour of flame retardant high density rigid foams based on hydromagnesite-filled polypropylene composites

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced polyetherimide foams prepared by water vapor-induced phase separation

Graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced polyetherimide foams prepared by water vapor-induced phase separation

Low density polycarbonate–graphene nanocomposite foams produced by supercritical carbon dioxide two-step foaming. Thermal stability

Thermoplastic Foams: Processing, Manufacturing, and Characterization

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