Thermal stability and degradation of selected poly(alkyl methacrylates) used in the polymer industry

Czech, Zbigniew; Kowalczyk, Agnieszka; Ragańska, Paulina; Antosik, Adrian Krzysztof

doi:10.1007/s10973-014-4290-5

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…5). Similar behavior was reported for VA/BA copolymer prepared by free radical mechanism [56,77]. Influence of VA/BA ratio on the copolymers VA/BA copolymers have higher thermal stability compared with a polyvinyl acetate and poly(n-butyl acrylate) alloy [56].…”

Section: Effect Of Pdms Surfactant On the Particle Morphologysupporting

confidence: 78%

Novel Synthesis Method and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate‐butyl acrylate) Latex Particles: Effect of Silanol‐Terminated Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Surfactant on the Seeded Emulsion Copolymerization

Ghorbani

Zohuri

Gholami³

2017

J Surfact & Detergents

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In a conventional semi‐batch seeded emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate (VA/BA) using hybrid surfactants namely, dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS) as an anionic surfactant, nonylphenol ethoxylate (KENON 30) as a non‐ionic type, and polydimethylsiloxane surfactant (having hydrophilic silanol‐terminated, called PDMS). The effect of PDMS on the properties of the latex synthesized was investigated by measuring solid content, viscosity, colloidal stability, particle size distributions of the base latex, viscosity average molecular weight (M¯v) of the copolymer, latex particle morphology, glass transition temperature (Tg) of a copolymer and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Particle size of the base latex decreases (Z‐average from 246.48 to 143.69 nm) upon increasing the amount of PDMS surfactant in the recipe (up to 6 wt%). The presence of PDMS surfactant in the hybrid surfactants led to a significant increase in the solid content (from 48.71 to 51.31 wt%), viscosity (from 334 to 806 centipoise, cp) and M¯v (from 1.91 × 105 to 2.34 × 105 g mol−1). Thermal stability and Tg of the copolymer were increased with addition of PDMS surfactant (thermal stability from 344.77 to 389.81 °C and Tg from −20.7 to 21.7 °C). The colloidal stability evaluated using the electrolyte addition method was improved with addition of PDMS surfactant. The uniform morphological structure of the final particle is the main effect of using PDMS in the hybrid surfactants.

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Section: Effect Of Pdms Surfactant On the Particle Morphologysupporting

confidence: 78%

Novel Synthesis Method and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate‐butyl acrylate) Latex Particles: Effect of Silanol‐Terminated Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Surfactant on the Seeded Emulsion Copolymerization

Ghorbani

Zohuri

Gholami³

2017

J Surfact & Detergents

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“…However, according to Grassie [26], polymers of higher esters tend to degrade only partially to monomer, and lead to poorer yields of the monomer. According to Czech et al [27], the general mechanism of the thermal degradation of poly(alkyl methacrylates) consists of random main-chain scission reactions. The principal products resulting from pyrolysis occurring between 200 and 400 • C are methacrylate monomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Monomer Based on Eugenol Methacrylate, Synthesis, Polymerization and Copolymerization with Methyl Methacrylate–Characterization and Thermal Properties

et al. 2020

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Poly(eugenyl-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PEUGMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(eugenyl-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (PEUGMA-co-MMA) were synthesized by a free radical polymerization route in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile. EUGMA was synthesized by etherification of the eugenol phenolic hydroxyl group with glycidyl methacrylate. Polymers and copolymers were characterized using size exclusion chromatography, Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The effects of the encumbering substituent on the thermal behavior of the polymers and copolymers were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry (TG) and direct analysis, using real-time, time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (DART-ToF-MS) methods. The results obtained revealed that for PEUGMA, the average molecular weight was 1.08 × 105, and increased slowly with the decrease in the EUGMA content in the copolymer. The order of the distribution of dyads comonomer units in the copolymer chains estimated by the Igarashi method based on the reactivity ratio does reveal a random distribution with a tendency toward alternation. The glass transition temperature of PEUGMA (46 °C) increased with the MMA content in the copolymer, and those of the copolymer fit well with the Johnston’s linearized expression. The TG analysis of pure PEUGMA revealed a significantly high thermal stability compared to that of PMMA. During its degradation, the preliminary decomposition was at 340 °C, and decreased as the MMA units increased in the copolymer. The DART-ToF-MS analysis revealed that the isothermal decomposition of PEUGMA led to a regeneration of raw materials such as EUGMA, GMA and EUG, in which the maximum amount was achieved at 450 °C.

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“…s 2022, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW second degradation stage represents the degradation of A and B into small monom ecules [33,34]. The resin produced an alkyl methacrylate monomer and a small nu other decomposition products, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethane nol, ethanol, and 1-propanol [35,36]. With the continuous fracture of the end-grou ture, and the decomposition products volatilizing, the weight loss gradually incr 3.4.2.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis Of Organic Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Solvents in Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCC) Electronic Paste and Their Effects on the Properties of Organic Vehicle

Gan

Cao³

et al. 2022

Polymers

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The copper end paste used in multilayer ceramic capacitors sintered in nitrogen atmosphere leads to carbon residues of organic vehicles, which leads to a reduction in electrode conductivity and high scrap rate. With an attempt to leave no residue in the sintering, the compatibility of solvents and thickeners should be improved because it has an important influence on the hierarchical volatilization and carbon residue of organic vehicles. In this work, the volatility of different solvents was compared, and several solvents were mixed in a definite proportion to prepare an organic vehicle with polyacrylate resins. The hierarchical volatility and solubility parameters of mixed solvents were effectively adjusted by changing proportions of different components. The thermogravimetric curves of resins and organic vehicles were measured by thermogravimetric analyzer, and the effect of solubility parameter on the dissolvability of resins in the solvent and the residual of organic vehicles were studied. Results showed that the hierarchical volatilization of solvents can be obtained by mixing different solvents; the intrinsic viscosity of the organic vehicle is higher, and the thermal decomposition residue of polyacrylate resins is lower when the solubility parameters of mixed solvents and polyacrylate resins are closer. The low residual sintering of organic vehicles can be achieved by using a mixed solvent with hierarchical volatility and approximate solubility parameters as resins.

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Thermal stability and degradation of selected poly(alkyl methacrylates) used in the polymer industry

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

Novel Synthesis Method and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate‐butyl acrylate) Latex Particles: Effect of Silanol‐Terminated Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Surfactant on the Seeded Emulsion Copolymerization

Novel Synthesis Method and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate‐butyl acrylate) Latex Particles: Effect of Silanol‐Terminated Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Surfactant on the Seeded Emulsion Copolymerization

New Monomer Based on Eugenol Methacrylate, Synthesis, Polymerization and Copolymerization with Methyl Methacrylate–Characterization and Thermal Properties

Mixed Solvents in Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCC) Electronic Paste and Their Effects on the Properties of Organic Vehicle

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