Thermal relaxation at interfaces following shock compression

Grover, R.; Urtiew, P. A.

doi:10.1063/1.1662949

Cited by 92 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This further established that in the CsI-LiF sandwich shots the decaying signal was that of the temperature of the CsILiF interface and not the shock front in the LiF. For the case of a shocked interface gap or layer (region 1, with half-width a) sandwiched between a transparent window material (region 2) and an initially-shocked target material (region 3), Grover and Urtiew [3] derive using the method of images and Green's functions the following equation for the interface temperature T 1 as a function of dimensionless thermal diffusion time τ = tκ/a 2 , and ratios of material properties (thermal diffusivity, density, specific heat) subsumed in the variables α and β :…”

Section: The Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grover and Urtiew [3] make the observation that since ρc v is relatively constant over a wide range of materials, the simplifying assumptions of α = k 1 /k 2 and β = k 1 /k 3 can be made. Shown in Figure 3 are some preliminary calculations of the temporal decay of temperature in these CsI-LiF shock experiments, for CsI shocked to about 40 GPa, with a 1-μm interfacial gap (layer).…”

Section: The Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But studies such as this one are important to constrain material properties and to interpret shock temperature measure-FIGURE 3. Calculations, using the model (see Equation 2) of Grover and Urtiew (1974) [3], showing thermal diffusion as a function of time. Depicted is temperature T as a function of distance x from the interfacial gap (layer), for the CsI-gap-LiF geometry of these sandwich experiments.…”

Section: The Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The motivation was two-fold: (1) to experimentally test the work of Grover and Urtiew [3] [see also Tan et al, (2005) [4]] on thermal relaxation at shocked interfaces, and (2) to learn more about the physics of shocked interfaces viewed through windows in order to critique the work of others purporting to measure the temperature of opaque solids, such as iron, which is of great importance in geophysics and in shock wave physics [see, e.g., Williams et al (1987) [5] and Yoo et al (1993) [6]]. The efforts to measure the temperature of shocked materials through window materials go back to at least the 1960s [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal relaxation of CsI shocked to 45 GPa, with a LiF window, and optical characterization of LiF shocked to 85 GPa

Boness

2012

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Optical pyrometry experiments on opaque shocked solids, such as metals, typically employ a transparent window, such as LiF or Al 2 O 3 . The window carries the shock front away from the samplewindow interface to avoid spallation, but shock impedance matching is impossible and interface effects are significant. I report on several previously unpublished experiments from two-stage gas gun experiments at LANL. Five experiments involved shocking CsI-LiF sandwiches of known gap with impactors of 1100 Al, to a shock pressure of 40 to 45 GPa in the CsI, in order to test the thermal interface relaxation predictions of Grover and Urtiew. Also, two experiments were on the transparency of shocked LiF.

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Section: The Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal relaxation of CsI shocked to 45 GPa, with a LiF window, and optical characterization of LiF shocked to 85 GPa

Boness

2012

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…Liquid windows, such as zinc chloride 60 or liquid xenon, 61 avoid the etalon problem but may create other challenges; a liquid bonding layer, such as hexane might be a useful compromise. Interface issues are a recurring problem in dynamic temperature measurements 62,63 and will continue to be an issue with gold sensors.…”

Section: Sample-adhesion Layer-gold Sensor↔bond Layer↔windowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic temperature measurements with embedded optical sensors.

Report¹,

Dolan²,

Seagle³

et al. 2013

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This report summarizes LDRD project number 151365, "Dynamic Temperature Measurements with Embedded Optical Sensors". The purpose of this project was to develop an optical sensor capable of detecting modest temperature states (<1000 K) with nanosecond time resolution, a recurring diagnostic need in dynamic compression experiments at the Sandia Z machine. Gold sensors were selected because the visible reflectance spectrum of gold varies strongly with temperature. A variety of static and dynamic measurements were performed to assess reflectance changes at different temperatures and pressures. Using a minimal optical model for gold, a plausible connection between static calibrations and dynamic measurements was found. With refinements to the model and diagnostic upgrades, embedded gold sensors seem capable of detecting minor (<50 K) temperature changes under dynamic compression.3

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Elasticity of Corundum at High Pressures and Temperatures: Implications for Pyrope Decomposition and Al‐Content Effect on Elastic Properties of Bridgmanite

Wang

2018

JGR Solid Earth

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The thermodynamic and elastic properties of corundum at high pressures and temperatures are calculated based on density functional theory within the local density approximation. The calculated results agree well with the available experimental results and provide reliable data up to 80 GPa and 2,500 K. Our results confirm that C14 should be positive at ambient conditions. Elastic moduli of corundum, especially its shear modulus, exhibit noticeable nonlinear dependences with pressure and thereby result in the nonlinear pressure dependences of wave velocities. The decomposition of pyrope into the assemblage of bridgmanite and corundum is also investigated within the generalized gradient approximation. The calculated phase boundary is comparable to experimental results and has a positive Clapeyron slope of +2.1 MPa/K. Pyrope decomposition can result in VP, VS, and density jumps of 12.4%, 20%, and 9.8%, respectively. A small amount of pyrope dissociation can cause a large impendence contrast and may partially account for the observed discontinuities below 660 km at the subduction zone. Combining our calculations with results from the previous study, we suggest that the incorporation of Al into bridgmanite shows no discernable effect on its elastic moduli and wave velocities. This may impede the detection of Al content in bridgmanite through seismological methods.

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Thermal relaxation at interfaces following shock compression

Cited by 92 publications

References 3 publications

Thermal relaxation of CsI shocked to 45 GPa, with a LiF window, and optical characterization of LiF shocked to 85 GPa

Thermal relaxation of CsI shocked to 45 GPa, with a LiF window, and optical characterization of LiF shocked to 85 GPa

Dynamic temperature measurements with embedded optical sensors.

Elasticity of Corundum at High Pressures and Temperatures: Implications for Pyrope Decomposition and Al‐Content Effect on Elastic Properties of Bridgmanite

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