Thermal Relations of Geographic Races of Salvelinus

McCauley, Robert W.

doi:10.1139/z58-059

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although the lethal temperature differences between spring-and autumnspawned larvae are not significant, other physiological differences have been shown between larvae from spring-and autumn-spawning herring (Blaxter, 1956), and both Hart (1952) and McCauley (1958) have shown that lethal temperatures may vary in different races of the same species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effect of extremes of temperature on herring larvae

Blaxter

1960

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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(Text- fig. I) 605Most of the work on temperatures lethal to fish has been reviewed by Brett (1956), Most of the fish have been adults of freshwater species, and it has been found that both upper and lower lethal temperatures vary with the species, the temperature of acclimatization and the duration of time the fish are subjected to the test temperature.Experiments on the upper and lower lethal temperatures for herring larvae (Clupea harengus L.) were started for three reasons: (I) to find out the range of temperature the larvae could withstand in rearing experiments at different acclimatization temperatures, this being part of a programme to determine the tolerance of herring larvae to a number of environmental factors (Holliday & Blaxter, 1960); (2) to look for possible differences in temperature tolerance between larvae from spring-and autumn-spawned herring (see Blaxter, 1958, for a discussion of this problem); and (3) to obtain some idea of what danger larvae might experience if subjected to rises of temperature in the sea caused by effluents or hot weather. MATERIALS AND METHODSRipe gonads were dissected from spring-spawning herring caught in the Firth of Clyde in February 1957 and from autumn-spawning herring caught off the East Coast of Scotland in September 1957, The gonads were stored at 4°C (Blaxter, 1955) and transported to the laboratory, where the eggs were fertilized and hatched in tanks holding 50 1. of sea water (Blaxter, 1956). In February three tanks were used and maintained at different incubation temperatures (7'5, II'O, 15'0°C). In September tanks at temperatures of II and 15'5°C only were used. These were also the acclimatization temperatures for the succeeding experiments.Hatching occurred 7-I5 days after fertilization, depending on the incubation temperature. The larvae were then 6-8 mm long and possessed yolk sacs.Within 2 days of hatching batches of ten larvae were transferred by a pipette from the incubation tanks to jars holding 500 m1. of sea water at the temperature of incubation. These jars were then placed in baths holding water

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effect of extremes of temperature on herring larvae

Blaxter

1960

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…Additionally, northern brook trout populations may be at an adaptive disadvantage due to being genetically depauperate as a result of isolation in glacial refugia and historical bottlenecks (Bernatchez and Wilson, 1998). Few studies have investigated the thermal performance of brook trout, with many among them having looked only at: (i) the effects of ploidy, heating rate, or interspecific differences with other salmonids; (ii) thermal tolerance at a static upper thermal limit; or (iii) comparing few populations with long histories of hatchery manipulation (McCauley, 1958; Benfey et al ., 1997; Galbreath et al ., 2004; McDermid et al ., 2012; Stitt et al ., 2014). More research is needed in order to prepare for, and adequately address, the effects of climate change on this socioeconomically important species at the intraspecific scale, taking into account population size and hybridization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited variability in upper thermal tolerance among pure and hybrid populations of a cold-water fish

et al. 2016

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“…differing thermal environments and acclimated to common temperatures have thermal tolerance limits such that fish from cooler latitudes exhibit lower tolerance limits than their warmwater counterparts (Hart, 1952;McCauley, 1958;Otto, 1973;Fields et al, 1987;Lohr et al, 1996;Strange et al, 2002). On the other hand, some studies have failed to show thermal tolerance differences in populations from thermally contrasting environments (Brown and Feldmeth, 1971;Elliott et al, 1994;Smale and Rabeni, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific variation in thermal tolerance and heat shock protein gene expression in common killifish,Fundulus heteroclitus

Fangue

Hofmeister

Schulte

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

422

384

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SUMMARY Populations of common killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, are distributed along the Atlantic coast of North America through a steep latitudinal thermal gradient. We examined intraspecific variation in whole-animal thermal tolerance and its relationship to the heat shock response in killifish from the northern and southern extremes of the species range. Critical thermal maxima were significantly higher in southern than in northern fish by ∼1.5°C at a wide range of acclimation temperatures (from 2-34°C), and critical thermal minima differed by ∼1.5°C at acclimation temperatures above 22°C, converging on the freezing point of brackish water at lower acclimation temperatures. To determine whether these differences in whole-organism thermal tolerance were reflected in differences in either the sequence or regulation of the heat shock protein genes(hsps) we obtained complete cDNA sequences for hsc70, hsp70-1 and hsp70-2, and partial sequences of hsp90α and hsp90β. There were no fixed differences in amino acid sequence between populations in either hsp70-1 or hsp70-2, and only a single conservative substitution between populations in hsc70. By contrast, there were significant differences between populations in the expression of many, but not all, of these genes. Both northern and southern killifish significantly increased hsp70-2 levels above control values(Ton) at a heat shock temperature of 33°C, but the magnitude of this induction was greater in northern fish, suggesting that northern fish may be more susceptible to thermal damage than are southern fish. In contrast, hsp70-1 mRNA levels increased gradually and to the same extent in response to heat shock in both populations. Hsc70 mRNA levels were significantly elevated by heat shock in southern fish, but not in northern fish. Similarly, the more thermotolerant southern killifish had a Ton for hsp90α of 30°C, 2°C lower than that of northern fish. This observation combined with the ability of southern killifish to upregulate hsc70 in response to heat shock suggests a possible role for these hsps in whole-organism differences in thermal tolerance. These data highlight the importance of considering the complexity of the heat shock response across multiple isoforms when attempting to make linkages to whole-organism traits such as thermal tolerance.

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Thermal Relations of Geographic Races of Salvelinus

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

The effect of extremes of temperature on herring larvae

The effect of extremes of temperature on herring larvae

Limited variability in upper thermal tolerance among pure and hybrid populations of a cold-water fish

Intraspecific variation in thermal tolerance and heat shock protein gene expression in common killifish,Fundulus heteroclitus

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