Thermal Recycling of Bentonite Waste as a Novel and a Low-Cost Adsorbent ‎for Heavy Metals Removal

Abstract

The objectives of this study are the thermal remediation of bentonite waste to convert non-hazardous material, and the use of the obtainedthermal recycling bentonite waste (TRBW) as a novel low-cost adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution using the batch system. The origin of bentonite waste is a by-product from plants of spent engine oil recycling [PSEOR]. It was remediated in two stages, directly burning and in the electrical furnace at 700 °C for 100 minutes to eliminate oil residues and impurities. The tests of XRD, BET, FTIR, EDX, and SEM were accomplished to identify the chemical and physical characteristics of TRBW. After then, the examination of the ability of TRBW to adsorption of the fiveheavy metals (Zn, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pb) with different experimental parameters such as initial concentration, adsorbent dose, temperature, pH, and contact time. Different models of isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic were utilized andthe results indicate that the nature of heavy metals adsorption onto TRBW was homogeneous. According to the maximum adsorption capacities, the metals ranked as

Enhanced Naphthalene Remediation in Aqueous Solutions Using Synthesized Organoclay: Adsorbent Characterization, Mechanisms, and Isotherms

“…The FTIR analysis was performed with a WGF510a machine, scanning wavelengths from 4,000 to 500 cm − 1 . For the FTIR test, about 0.1 g of soil was compressed into a smooth tablet and then placed into the spectrometer (Youse Kebria et al, 2023).…”

“…Clay adsorption, characterized by high availability, natural abundance, low cost, and substantial surface area, offers a viable approach for pollutant removal. Inorganic cations within clays can be substituted through ion exchange with organic cations, yielding organophilic compounds (organoclays) (Youse Kebria et al, 2023). Organoclays exhibit regenerable characteristics in adsorption-desorption cycles, thereby reducing treatment expenses.…”

“…Numerous investigations have delved into their utilization for wastewater treatment, groundwater puri cation, and the encapsulation of solid waste. Furthermore, organoclays have proven effective in extracting various impurities from water, including organic compounds, pesticides, anionic pollutants, heavy metals, and pharmaceuticals (D.H. Shubber and Youse Kebria., 2023;.…”