“…In this case it is clear that the Koo and Kleinstreuer [90] model greatly overpredicts the results for 47 nm particles for both 1% and 4% volume fractions. However the slope of the predicted variation with temperature seems very close to that of the experimental data for a 5 % volume fraction by Duan [55] shown in Fig. 12 [99] model seems to greatly overpredict the enhancement to thermal conductivity as the volume fraction is increased for the 25 nm particles (Fig.…”
Section: Dynamic Modelssupporting
confidence: 65%
“…12. Variation of thermal conductivity ratio (k eff /k bf ) with temperature predicted by some Brownian motion models compared to experimental results of: a) Al 2 O 3 (47 nm)/water, ϕ = 1% [29], b) Al 2 O 3 (47 nm)/water, ϕ = 4% [29], c) Al 2 O 3 (25 nm)/water, ϕ = 1% [55], and d) Al 2 O 3 (47 nm)/water, ϕ = 5% [55]. no-agglomeration assumption, which has been experimentally shown to be untrue.…”
Section: Aggregation Modelsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…15. Comparison of predictions of empirical correlations with experimental data for Al 2 O 3 (35 nm)/water[55].…”
“…In this case it is clear that the Koo and Kleinstreuer [90] model greatly overpredicts the results for 47 nm particles for both 1% and 4% volume fractions. However the slope of the predicted variation with temperature seems very close to that of the experimental data for a 5 % volume fraction by Duan [55] shown in Fig. 12 [99] model seems to greatly overpredict the enhancement to thermal conductivity as the volume fraction is increased for the 25 nm particles (Fig.…”
Section: Dynamic Modelssupporting
confidence: 65%
“…12. Variation of thermal conductivity ratio (k eff /k bf ) with temperature predicted by some Brownian motion models compared to experimental results of: a) Al 2 O 3 (47 nm)/water, ϕ = 1% [29], b) Al 2 O 3 (47 nm)/water, ϕ = 4% [29], c) Al 2 O 3 (25 nm)/water, ϕ = 1% [55], and d) Al 2 O 3 (47 nm)/water, ϕ = 5% [55]. no-agglomeration assumption, which has been experimentally shown to be untrue.…”
Section: Aggregation Modelsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…15. Comparison of predictions of empirical correlations with experimental data for Al 2 O 3 (35 nm)/water[55].…”
In this research paper, the solar irradiance of flat plate solar collector was evaluated using experimental and numerical analysis. In the experiment, an automatic solar simulator was designed and built to simulate the solar irradiance. The simulator was controlled by an Arduino board. The light source and fabrication of the simulator were used for a wide range of testing and the comparison was made between different cases. The test was performed on a flat plate double glazing solar collector with different base fluids; ethylene glycol (EG), glycerine, and water. To enhance the heat transfer, Al2O3 nanoparticles having a diameter of 20 nm were added. In order to investigate the effect of volume fraction on the heat absorption, three-volume fractions, 0.2%, 0.45, and 0.6%, were used in this study. Laminar flow was considered with a flow rate of 1 L/min. Solar irradiance was measured from 11:00 to 13:00 on September 25 th , 2016. COMSOL 5.2a was used in a numerical analysis of flat plate solar collector. A good agreement between numerical and experimental for all cases was observed. The maximum temperature difference between inlet and outlet was found when the (water/ Al2O3) was used as a working fluid at a volume fraction of 0.6%.
“…Ultrasonic Interferometer is a proficient and highly incisiveness device to interpret the molecular interaction existing in solids and liquids. Several researchers executed the ultrasonic study on liquids like non -electrolytes, nanofluids, liquid Iron, phase transitions, leaf extract, thermal conductivity, super conductors, glass, cement, resin, polymer, semiconductors, etc [1][2][3][4]. The present study is focussed on aliphatic cyclic ketones like cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone with a non polar solvent like benzene.…”
The acoustical parameter-Compressibility elucidates the compatibility and intermolecular interaction prevailing in binary liquid mixtures. Intermolecular interaction possesses an important role in various industrial, biological and chemical processes like engineering material design, drug design, material science and nanotechnology. In the present investigation, ultrasonic velocities, densities and viscosities of the binary liquid mixtures of Cyclic ketones and a non polar solvent have been measured over the entire mole fraction range at 308 K. From these data, thermo acoustical parameters are calculated. The magnitude of these parameters shows specific interaction existing between the unlike molecules.
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