Thermal properties of PETI-5/IM7

Tang, Yan; Xie, Yuan; Pan, Wei-Ping; Riga, Alan T.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6031(00)00394-4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As in the case of BPP cured in air at 300 °C, the dominant feature of the analysis was the consumption of the triple bond during cure. The intensity of the band due to the asymmetric carbonyl stretch also decreased dramatically during cure, in contrast to the observations at 300 °C, but partially consistent with the conclusions of Tang et al 30 The large difference in the trends between the two data can be attributed to different crosslinking processes occurring at the different curing temperatures and/or in the different curing environments. Curing at 400 °C can promote alternative crosslinking mechanisms compared to the lower temperature cure regime (300 °C).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Some controversy exists in the PETI literature on the behaviour of the carbonyl group during the curing process. Tang et al ,30 based on the observation of CO 2 evolution during cure, reported that curing proceeds by reaction between the carbonyl side groups. Conversely, Fang et al ,6 using solid state 13 C NMR to follow the cure of PETI‐5, reported that the concentration of the carbonyl group remains constant throughout curing and attributed a slight increase of the carbonyl levels to experimental errors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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N‐(2‐biphenylenyl)‐4‐[2′‐phenylethynyl] phthalimide: 2. Detailed study of the monomer cure and properties of the resulting polymer

Georgiades

Hamerton

Hay

et al. 2004

Polymer International

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A detailed study is presented of the high‐temperature cure of the difunctional monomer N‐(2‐biphenylenyl)‐4‐[2′‐phenylethynyl]phthalimide (BPP) and the thermal properties of the resulting homopolymer. Although the phenylethynyl groups are consumed within 1 h at 370 °C, other reactions continue well after this, leading to a cured polymer whose glass transition temperature (Tg) is highly dependent on cure time and temperature. A Tg of 450 °C is achieved after a 16 h cure at 400 °C. Use of chemometrics to analyse the infrared spectra of curing BPP provides evidence for changes in the aromatic moieties during cure, perhaps indicative of co‐reaction between the biphenylene and phenylethynyl groups; however, other processes also contribute to the overall complex cure mechanism. Despite the high Tg values, BPP homopolymer exhibits unacceptably poor thermo‐oxidative stability at 370 °C, showing a weight loss of about 50 % after 100 h ageing. This is perhaps a result of formation of degradatively unstable crosslink structures during elevated‐temperature cure. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐(2‐biphenylenyl)‐4‐[2′‐phenylethynyl] phthalimide: 2. Detailed study of the monomer cure and properties of the resulting polymer

Georgiades

Hamerton

Hay

et al. 2004

Polymer International

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“…In addition, the measured room temperature electrical conductivity of (Mo 2/3 Y 1/3 ) 2 AlC ceramic is 1.25 × 10 6 Ω −1 ⋅m −1 , slightly lower than that of Cr 2 AlC (1.4 × 10 6 Ω −1 ⋅m −1 ). 26…”

Section: Physical Property Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of ternary layered i‐MAX (Mo_2/3Y_1/3)₂AlC ceramics fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Cheng

Zhang

et al. 2023

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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In this paper, the i-MAX phase (Mo 2/3 Y 1/3 ) 2 AlC ceramic with high purity of 98.29 wt% (1.13 wt% Y 2 O 3 and 0.58 wt% Mo 2 C) and high relative density of 98.59% was successfully synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1500 • C with the molar ratio of n(Mo):n(Y):n(Al):n(C) = 4:2:3.3:2.7. The positions of C atoms in the crystal of (Mo 2/3 Y 1/3 ) 2 AlC were determined. Microstructure and physical and mechanical properties of (Mo 2/3 Y 1/3 ) 2 AlC ceramic were systematically investigated. It was found that the obtained (Mo 2/3 Y 1/3 ) 2 AlC ceramic had an average grain size of 32.1 ± 3.1 μm in length and 14.2 ± 1.7 μm in width. In terms of physical properties, the measured thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of (Mo 2/3 Y 1/3 ) 2 AlC was 8.99 × 10 −6 K −1 , and the thermal capacity and thermal conductivity at room temperature were 0.43 J⋅g −1 ⋅K −1 and 13.75 W⋅m −1 ⋅K −1 , respectively. The room temperature electrical conductivity of (Mo 2/3 Y 1/3 ) 2 AlC ceramic was measured to be 1.25 × 10 6 Ω −1 ⋅m −1 . In terms of mechanical properties, Vickers hardness under 10 N load was measured as 10.54 ± 0.29 GPa, while flexural strength, fracture toughness, and compressive strength were determined as 260.08 ± 14.18 MPa, 4.51 ± 0.70 MPa⋅m 1/2 , and 855 ± 62 MPa, respectively, indicating the promising structural applications.

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“…A large endotherm is observed centered at 160 4 C for TAB10 and 175 4 C for TAB20, respectively, due to oligomer melting. Two smaller endotherms are visible at 210 and 220 4 C, followed by a smaller, broader endotherm at approximately 250 4 C and a curing exotherm centered at 370 4 C [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The crystalline nature of the oligomer is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (figure 5), which shows a small degree of order for both samples, which is lost after crosslinking occurs.…”

Section: Morphological and Rheological Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Processable PMR-Type Polyimides: Process-Property Relationships, Curing Kinetics, and Thermooxidative Stability

Dean

Abdalla

Vaidya

et al. 2005

High Performance Polymers

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The rheological and structural characteristics of polyimides with enhanced melt flow have been investigated. The polyimides were based on 2,3,3 1 , 4 1 -biphenyltertracarboxylic dianhydride (PBDA) and a mixture of a diamine, 4,4 1 (1,4-phenylene-bismethylene) bisaniline (BAX) and a triamine, 1,3,5-Tris (4-aminophenoxybenzene), TAB, where the amount of TAB was 4 and 8%. Melt viscosities of these polymers suggest that they are processable by resin infusion methods. Although curing occurs through the phenylethynyl endcap, the steric and electronic differences of the three amines results in different cure kinetics and heterogeneous crosslinking. This is manifested in multiple T g values in the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) scan of the cured samples. Rheological and DSC kinetic studies of the cure behavior indicate that the sample with 4% TAB cures more quickly than the system with 8% TAB and it has a lower activation energy (147 versus 185 kJ mole 21 ). Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) scans indicate that both TAB based samples are more thermally stable than PMR-15. The lower activation energy for 8% TAB , relative to 4% TAB (147.0 versus 170.2 kJ mole 21 ) suggests the additional branching present decreases the thermal stability.

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Thermal properties of PETI-5/IM7

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

N‐(2‐biphenylenyl)‐4‐[2′‐phenylethynyl] phthalimide: 2. Detailed study of the monomer cure and properties of the resulting polymer

N‐(2‐biphenylenyl)‐4‐[2′‐phenylethynyl] phthalimide: 2. Detailed study of the monomer cure and properties of the resulting polymer

Synthesis and characterization of ternary layered i‐MAX (Mo_2/3Y_1/3)₂AlC ceramics fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Processable PMR-Type Polyimides: Process-Property Relationships, Curing Kinetics, and Thermooxidative Stability

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Thermal properties of PETI-5/IM7

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

N‐(2‐biphenylenyl)‐4‐[2′‐phenylethynyl] phthalimide: 2. Detailed study of the monomer cure and properties of the resulting polymer

N‐(2‐biphenylenyl)‐4‐[2′‐phenylethynyl] phthalimide: 2. Detailed study of the monomer cure and properties of the resulting polymer

Synthesis and characterization of ternary layered i‐MAX (Mo2/3Y1/3)2AlC ceramics fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Processable PMR-Type Polyimides: Process-Property Relationships, Curing Kinetics, and Thermooxidative Stability

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Product

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Synthesis and characterization of ternary layered i‐MAX (Mo_2/3Y_1/3)₂AlC ceramics fabricated by spark plasma sintering