Thermal performance of planktonic ciliates differs between marine and freshwaters: A case study providing guidance for climate change studies

Lukić, Dunja; Limberger, Romana; Montagnes, David J. S.; Weisse, Thomas

doi:10.1002/lol2.10264

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Ciliate abundance was highest in spring and summer. Similar observations were reported by Gilbert et al (1998) and by Lukic et al (2022), who showed the highest abundance of ciliates in spring and summer in the aquatic environment [35,86]. According to the literature, ciliates are sensitive to changes in environmental conditions due to their thin cell membrane [87].…”

Section: Effect Of Biogenic Compounds On Testate Amoebae and Ciliatessupporting

confidence: 82%

Effect of Simulated Eutrophication of Peatlands on the Microbiome of Utricularia vulgaris L.

Bartkowska,

Mieczan

2024

Water

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Global climate change and increasing human impact are the main factors intensifying eutrophication of peatland ecosystems. Due to the high sensitivity of certain groups of microorganisms, they can serve as indicators of the degree of eutrophication and thereby provide much important information for assessment of the state of peatland ecosystems. However, there is still little knowledge of how changes in the fertility of the environment can affect the microbiome of carnivorous plants in these ecosystems. This study was conducted to verify the following hypotheses: (1) the microbiome of carnivorous plant traps reflects the trophic status of the habitat; (2) an increase in the concentration of biogenic compounds causes a greater increase in the size of microbial communities in the aquatic environment than in the traps. An experiment was carried out in laboratory conditions to determine the effect of simulated eutrophication on the microbiome of Utricularia vulgaris L. An experimental increase in habitat fertility caused an increase in the abundance of bacteria, flagellates, testate amoebae, ciliates, and rotifers, while a decrease in abundance was observed for crustaceans. The increase in the concentration of biogenic compounds also modified the taxonomic composition of communities of microorganisms and small metazoa as well as the strength of trophic relationships; as the trophic level increased, the relationships between bacteria and heterotrophic flagellates; bacteria and testate amoebae; and bacteria and ciliates became stronger.

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Section: Effect Of Biogenic Compounds On Testate Amoebae and Ciliatessupporting

confidence: 82%

Effect of Simulated Eutrophication of Peatlands on the Microbiome of Utricularia vulgaris L.

Bartkowska,

Mieczan

2024

Water

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“…Exceptions to the general rule that rising temperatures reduce organism size and increase growth rates are known for some small aquatic ectotherms (Atkinson 1995). Lukić et al (2022) concluded that the lack of an allometric relationship between ciliate cell volumes and growth rates results from the relatively narrow size range of the ciliates studied thus far. Yet, this does not apply to the present study and may explain why I found a marginally significant volume effect on δ max .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I found that δ max and r max were significantly correlated but that the latter, in contrast to the former, was unrelated to ciliate cell volume (data not shown). Similarly, a recent analysis of ciliate-specific growth rates reported that r max did not decline with increasing cell volume (Luki c et al 2022). Accordingly, the available data on ciliate mortality rates and specific growth rates provide little support for the tenets of the metabolic theory of ecology that all metabolic rates increase with temperature and scale allometrically with size (Brown et al 2004).…”

Section: Physiological Mortality Vs Predator-induced Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Accordingly, the available data on ciliate mortality rates and specific growth rates provide little support for the tenets of the metabolic theory of ecology that all metabolic rates increase with temperature and scale allometrically with size (Brown et al 2004). Exceptions to the general rule that rising temperatures reduce organism size and increase growth rates are known for some small aquatic ectotherms (Atkinson 1995). Luki c et al (2022 concluded that the lack of an allometric relationship between ciliate cell volumes and growth rates results from the relatively narrow size range of the ciliates studied thus far.…”

Section: Physiological Mortality Vs Predator-induced Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1 st and 4 th hypotheses were supported by experimental evidence obtained with sympatric freshwater ciliates (Weisse et al 2023 b ). Similarly, following up on a recent analysis of the thermal response of planktonic ciliates (Lukić et al 2022), I also postulated that (5) marine ciliates would have lower δ max than their freshwater counterparts.…”

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confidence: 96%

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Physiological mortality of planktonic ciliates: Estimates, causes, and consequences

Weisse

2024

Limnology & Oceanography

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Contrasting physiological mortality with predator‐induced mortality is of tremendous importance for the population dynamics of many organisms but is difficult to assess. This is especially true for tiny organisms, such as most protists, which do not leave any carcasses behind. I performed a meta‐analysis using planktonic ciliates as model organisms to estimate the maximum physiological mortality rates (δmax) across pelagic ecosystems in relation to environmental and biotic factors. The median δmax of planktonic ciliates was 0.62 d−1 and did not differ between marine and freshwater species. Maximum ciliate mortality rates were species‐specific and affected by their specific growth rates (rmax), cell volume, and ability to encyst. Cyst‐forming species had, on average, higher δmax than species unable to encyst. Maximum mortality rates were positively related to rmax, but, in contrast to the latter, δmax appeared unaffected by temperature. I conclude that (1) in the ocean, physiological mortality is more critical for controlling ciliate population size than ciliate losses imposed by microcrustacean predation, but (2) in many lakes, the opposite holds; (3) cyst formation is an effective ciliate trait to cope with the high mortality of motile cells upon starvation. The lack of a temperature effect on δmax deserves further study; if correct, planktonic ciliates may take advantage of rising ocean and lake temperatures, with important implications for the pelagic food web.

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Numerical and Thermal Response of the Bacterivorous Ciliate Colpidium kleini, a Species Potentially at Risk of Extinction by Rising Water Temperatures

Weisse,

Pröschold,

Kammerlander

et al. 2024

Microb Ecol

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We investigated the food-dependent growth and thermal response of the freshwater ciliate Colpidium kleini using numerical response (NR) experiments. This bacterivorous ciliate occurs in lotic water and the pelagial of lakes and ponds. The C. kleini strain used in this work was isolated from a small alpine lake and identified by combining detailed morphological inspections with molecular phylogeny. Specific growth rates (rmax) were measured from 5 to 21 °C. The ciliate did not survive at 22 °C. The threshold bacterial food levels (0.3 − 2.2 × 106 bacterial cells mL−1) matched the bacterial abundance in the alpine lake from which C. kleini was isolated. The food threshold was notably lower than previously reported for C. kleini and two other Colpidium species. The threshold was similar to levels reported for oligotrich and choreotrich ciliates if expressed in terms of bacterial biomass (0.05 − 0.43 mg C L−1). From the NR results, we calculated physiological mortality rates at zero food concentration. The mean mortality (0.55 ± 0.17 d−1) of C. kleini was close to the mean estimate obtained for other planktonic ciliates that do not encyst. We used the data obtained by the NR experiments to fit a thermal performance curve (TPC). The TPC yielded a temperature optimum at 17.3 °C for C. kleini, a maximum upper thermal tolerance limit of 21.9 °C, and a thermal safety margin of 4.6 °C. We demonstrated that combining NR with TPC analysis is a powerful tool to predict better a species’ fitness in response to temperature and food.

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Thermal performance of planktonic ciliates differs between marine and freshwaters: A case study providing guidance for climate change studies

Cited by 7 publications

References 56 publications

Effect of Simulated Eutrophication of Peatlands on the Microbiome of Utricularia vulgaris L.

Effect of Simulated Eutrophication of Peatlands on the Microbiome of Utricularia vulgaris L.

Physiological mortality of planktonic ciliates: Estimates, causes, and consequences

Numerical and Thermal Response of the Bacterivorous Ciliate Colpidium kleini, a Species Potentially at Risk of Extinction by Rising Water Temperatures

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