Thermal nonequilibrium in partially ionized atomic oxygen

Soon, Willie; Kunc, Joseph A.

doi:10.1103/physreva.41.825

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Although Kunc and Soon 14 and Soon and Kunc 36 considered various forbidden transitions, they note that their influence is small, especially the relatively large electron number densities present in the hypersonic shock-layers of interest in this study.…”

Section: C) Bound-bound Radiative Transitions (Atomic Line Transitions)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Boltzmann Modeling for Air Shock-Layer Radiation at Lunar-Return Conditions

Johnston

Hollis

Sutton

2008

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

110

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This paper investigates the non-Boltzmann modeling of the radiating atomic and molecular electronic states present in lunar-return shock-layers. The Master Equation is derived for a general atom or molecule while accounting for a variety of excitation and de-excitation mechanisms. A new set of electronic-impact excitation rates is compiled for N, O, and N 2 + , which are the main radiating species for most lunar-return shock-layers. Based on these new rates, a novel approach of curve-fitting the non-Boltzmann populations of the radiating atomic and molecular states is developed. This new approach provides a simple and accurate method for

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Section: C) Bound-bound Radiative Transitions (Atomic Line Transitions)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate coefficients for electron-impact ionization from excited levels may be calculated accurately with the following formula proposed by Drawin For ionization from the lowest two states of oxygen and nitrogen, the rate coefficients proposed by Kunc and Soon 14 and Soon and Kunc 36 were used.…”

Section: B) Electron-impact Ionizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Boltzmann Modeling for Air Shock-Layer Radiation at Lunar-Return Conditions

Johnston

Hollis

Sutton

2008

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

110

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“…Soon after, however, it was recognized the importance of a time dependent integration of kinetic equations which are at the basis of the c-r models for situations characterized by very short macroscopic relaxation times. Time dependent solution of c-r models have been presented by Cacciatore et al [2][3][4][5] for atomic H, O and N plasmas many years ago and more recently these plasmas [6][7][8] have been again studied for explaining new experimental situations (e.g. laser-plasmas interaction) in which a time dependent solution of c-r models seems to be necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the coupling of collisional radiative models and Boltzmann equation for atomic transient hydrogen plasmas

Colonna¹,

Pietanza²,

Capitelli³

2001

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Collisional-radiative model for atomic hydrogen has been coupled selfconsistently with the Boltzmann equation for electron kinetics to study the role of nonequilibrium electron distributions on the energy level kinetics. In particular, the role of second kind and electron-electron collisions in affecting both time dependent electron energy distributions and excited state population densities has been investigated.

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“…The global rate coefficient is therefore the equivalent or effective rate coefficient reflecting the behaviour of the species X n [12,[28][29][30][31][32][33]. This rate coefficient is a measurement of the net variation rate of X n due to the complex behaviour of the excited states.…”

Section: Global Rate Coefficient Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of State-to-State to Macroscopic Models for Hypersonics

Bourdon¹,

Annaloro²,

Bultel³

et al. 2014

TOPPJ

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Four different types of macroscopic models developed for the vibration-chemistry coupling in nonequilibrium flows for re-entry applications are presented. First, using an approach based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics, global rate coefficients of dissociation of N 2 and O 2 under parent molecular or atomic impact and backward molecular recombination are determined. Then a Two-Level Distribution (TLD) model is developed, in which a relaxation equation for vibrational temperature is solved as in the case of multi-temperature models but with the simultaneous solution of a kinetic equation, as in the case of state-to-state models, but only for the last vibrational level. In a third approach, a multiinternal temperature model is presented to describe accurately the vibrational distribution function in using several groups of levels, within which the levels are assumed to follow a Boltzmann distribution at an internal temperature of the group. This multi-internal temperature model allows us to describe accurately the vibrational energy relaxation and dissociation processes behind a strong shock wave. Finally, a rovibrational collisional coarse-grain model is developed to reduce a detailed rovibrational mechanism for the internal energy excitation and dissociation processes behind a strong shock wave in a nitrogen flow.

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Thermal nonequilibrium in partially ionized atomic oxygen

Cited by 46 publications

References 50 publications

Non-Boltzmann Modeling for Air Shock-Layer Radiation at Lunar-Return Conditions

Non-Boltzmann Modeling for Air Shock-Layer Radiation at Lunar-Return Conditions

On the coupling of collisional radiative models and Boltzmann equation for atomic transient hydrogen plasmas

Reduction of State-to-State to Macroscopic Models for Hypersonics

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