Thermal monitoring of Lascar Volcano, Chile, using infrared data from the along-track scanning radiometer: a 1992-1995 time series

Wooster, Martin J.; Rothery, David A.

doi:10.1007/s004450050163

Cited by 107 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…temperatures, such as those of more than several hundred degrees C, even if these areas account for only small portions of the surface within the pixel (Wooster and Rothery 1997). The 2.3 and 3.9 μm bands are also likely to be dominated by radiation from the high-temperature surfaces, but surfaces at the lower temperature than that will also emit considerably within these wave bands.…”

Section: Observation Of Thermal Anomalies Using Infrared Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These processes are sometimes closely related to eruptive modes or states or the timing of their transitions. Therefore, observations of short-term phenomena as well as those of long-term variations are important for the analysis of eruptive sequences (Oppenheimer et al 1993;Wooster and Rothery 1997). Eruptions are basically phenomena that emit high-temperature materials, such as magma or gas, onto the surface; thus, the use of high-frequency infrared observations, which can detect the ejection of these materials as high-density time-series variations in thermal anomalies, is an effective approach for analyzing eruptive modes or states and eventually characterizing eruptive sequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Himawari-8 infrared observations of the June–August 2015 Mt Raung eruption, Indonesia

Kaneko

Takasaki

Maeno

et al. 2018

Earth Planets Space

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Volcanic activity involves processes that can change over short periods of time, which are sometimes closely related to the eruptive mode or the timing of its transitions. Eruptions bring high-temperature magma or gas to the surface; thermal observations of these eruptions can be used to determine the timeline of eruptive sequences or eruptive processes. In 2014, a new-generation meteorological satellite, Himawari-8, which carried a new sensor, the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI), was launched. The AHI makes high-frequency infrared observations at a spatial resolution of 2 km during 10-min observation cycles. We analyzed an effusive eruption that occurred in 2015 at Mt Raung in Indonesia using these AHI images, which was the first attempt applying them to volcanological study. Based on the detailed analysis of the time-series variations in its thermal anomalies, this eruptive sequence was segmented into a Precursory Stage, Pulse 1, Pulse 2 and a Terminal Stage. Pulses 1 and 2 are effusive stages that exhibited a consecutive two-pulse pattern in their variations, reflecting changes in the lava effusion rate; the other stages are non-effusive. We were also able to determine the exact times of the onset and reactivation of lava flow effusion, as well as the precursory signals that preceded these events.

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Section: Observation Of Thermal Anomalies Using Infrared Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Himawari-8 infrared observations of the June–August 2015 Mt Raung eruption, Indonesia

Kaneko

Takasaki

Maeno

et al. 2018

Earth Planets Space

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The quantity of radiance emitted at 1.6 gm is approximately proportional to the tenth power of the temperature, and emission below 300øC is negligible [Wooster and Rothery, 1997b (6) where R5thermal is the corrected pixel radiance value in TM 5 and L0•5, Th) and L0•5, Tc) describe the spectral radiance emitted in the same wavelength interval from surfaces at temperature Th (in this case, 1000øC) and Tc, respectively. While T c is assumed to lie below 300øC, f is relatively independent of the Tc chosen to solve (6).…”

Section: Estimatingf Within Saturated Tm Pixelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved remote sensing estimates of lava flow cooling: A case study of the 1991–1993 Mount Etna eruption

Wright¹,

Rothery²,

Blake³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. Infrared radiance data acquired by the Landsat thematic mapper (TM) provide information regarding the thermal state of active lavas, which can be used to estimate flow surface temperatures and thus lava cooling. Saturation of one or both of TM's short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavebands has meant, however, that previous studies of lava flow cooling have approximated what is almost certainly an n thermal component flow surface temperature distribution (where n > 1), with a single pixel-integrated temperature (PIT). We show that the high sensitivity of TM's SWIR wavebands to the small amount of high-temperature (e.g., ~ 1000øC) material exposed in hot fractures within the flows cooler (e.g., ~200øC) surface crust results in the calculation of PITs that are higher than the temperature of this crust, which is usually the dominant radiative component. This causes heat loss from such pixels to be overestimated. We present adaptations that allow more realistic heat loss estimates to be produced using TM data by assuming that a second hightemperature component contributes to the radiance measured from saturated pixels and by defining an appropriate range for the temperature of the lava crust. By analyzing a suite of five TM images acquired during the 1991-1993 eruption of Mount Etna we present more realistic estimates of how this flow cooled, as well as results that show how the flow regime of the lava evolved over time. The methods we present will continue to be of use as, although the next generation of high spatial resolution sensors such as the Landsat 7 enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+) and the Terra advanced space-borne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) will be less susceptible to saturation than TM, the problem will still persist.

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“…The ATSR has two similar wavebands to the AVHRR at 3.7 and 10.7 mm, plus a third waveband at 1.6 mm. Wooster and Rothery (1997a) have shown how the 1.6 mm is a useful tool for monitoring activity at an active lava body using time series (1992± 1995) data for the active lava dome at Lascar volcano (Chile). Lava¯ow area and thermal structure have also been estimated using ATSR 1.6 and 11 mm data (Wooster and Rothery 1997b).…”

Section: At Sr and Env Isatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote monitoring of Mount Erebus Volcano, Antarctica, using Polar Orbiters: Progress and Prospects

Harris¹,

Wright²,

Flynn³

1999

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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Abstract. Mount Erebus (Antarctica) is a remote and inhospitable volcano, where ® eld campaigns are possible only during the austral summer. In addition to continuously monitoring seismic instruments and video cameras, data from scanners¯own aboard polar orbiting space-craft, such as the Thematic Mapper (TM) and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), can contribute to continuous, year-round monitoring of this volcano. Together these data allow measurement of the temperature of, thermal and gas¯ux from, and mass¯ux to a persistently active lava lake at Erebus' summit. The monitoring potential of such polar-orbiting instruments is enhanced by the poleward convergence of sub-spacecraft ground-tracks at the Erebus latitudes, permitting more frequent return periods than at the equator.Ground-based observations show that the Erebus lava lake was active with an area of~2800 m 2 and sulphur dioxide (SO 2 )¯ux of (230Ô 90) t d Õ 1 prior to September 1984. AVHRR-based lake area and SO 2¯u x estimates are in good agreement with these measurements, giving (2320Ô 1200) m 2 and (190Ô 100) t d Õ 1 , respectively, during 1980. However during late-1984 the lava lake became buried, with TM data showing re-establishment of the lake, with a TM-derived surface temperature of 578± 903ß C, by January 1985. Following these events, ground-based lake area and SO 2¯u x measurements show that the lake area and SO 2¯u x was lower (180± 630 m 2 and 9± 91 t d Õ 1 , respectively). This is matched by a decline in the AVHRR-and TM-derived rate of magma supply to the lake from 330Ô 167 kgs Õ 1 prior to 1984 to 30± 76 kgs Õ 1 thereafter. Clearly, a reduction in magma supply to, and activity at, the lava lake occurred during 1984.We look forward to using data from such future polar-orbiting sensors as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS), Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Re¯ectance Radiometer (ASTER), Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) and Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AASTR) to contribute to high (> once a day) temporal resolution measurement and monitoring of activity at this volcano. Such analyses will in turn contribute to a more complete understanding of how this volcano works.

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Thermal monitoring of Lascar Volcano, Chile, using infrared data from the along-track scanning radiometer: a 1992-1995 time series

Abstract: tions of eruptive behaviour, deduced from application of physical models of lava dome development at this and similar volcanoes.

Cited by 107 publications

References 28 publications

Himawari-8 infrared observations of the June–August 2015 Mt Raung eruption, Indonesia

Himawari-8 infrared observations of the June–August 2015 Mt Raung eruption, Indonesia

Improved remote sensing estimates of lava flow cooling: A case study of the 1991–1993 Mount Etna eruption

Remote monitoring of Mount Erebus Volcano, Antarctica, using Polar Orbiters: Progress and Prospects

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