Thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties of low loss PbZr_0.3Ti_0.7O₃/polystyrene composites prepared by hot‐press method

Abstract

The incorporation of high dielectric constant filler particles into thermoplastics is an attractive approach to develop materials with high dielectric strength, low dielectric loss, and mechanical stiffness, for electronic packaging purposes. Herein, we report the preparation and properties of polystyrene (PS) based low loss 0-3 composites with inorganic PbZr 0.3 Ti 0.7 O 3 (PZT) filler particles in concentrations ranging from 0%-20% (w/w). The PZT particles were synthesized using the sol-gel process and the composites were prepared by a two-step, solvent-free approach: (1) melt mixing, followed by (2) hot press. The thermal and mechanical properties of the composite samples were investigated. The dielectric behavior of the as-synthesized composites showed pronounced improvement over pure PS, as is seen from the increased dielectric constant and extremely low loss tangent. For 20 wt.% PZT loading, the dielectric constant of the composite is as high as 12 at 1 MHz frequency, which is about five times greater than that of pure PS (ε = 2.5). All the PZT/PS composites exhibit remarkably low dielectric losses, even at lower frequencies (tan δ ≤ 0.04), which is better than reported literature values of PS based composites. The variation in dielectric constants of the samples with increasing temperatures was also recorded.

Synthesis of functionalized ZnO nanoflake loaded polyvinylidene fluoride composites with enhanced energy storage properties

“…The introduction of filler in PVDF increases dielectric constant and dielectric loss compared with pristine PVDF because of composite material properties which depend upon interfacial interaction between filler‐polymer, nature, concentration, and the number of defects. [ 31 ] Adding ZnO@APTES to the PVDF matrix creates micro‐capacitance in the entire range of PVDF composites through free ions' piling up. This phenomenon occurs due to electrical conductivity difference between the crystal interfaces and amorphous regions (supported by Maxwell‐Wagner‐Sillars interface and space polarization theory).…”

Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposites as Piezoelectric Nanogenerator: Properties, Fabrication and Market Applications

“…The hot‐press technique incorporates the pressing and heating of dried PVDF composite films at optimized temperature and pressure. [ 129,130 ] Figure 8c elucidates the molecular‐level influence of the hot‐press method in enhancing the piezoelectric property of PVDF composites. The high temperature and pressure transform the disordered PVDF chain into the lamellar crystal, and hydraulic pressure aligns the filler with nanorod morphology in a definite direction.…”

Effect of PbO Incorporation with Different Particle Sizes on Structural and Mechanical Properties of Polystyrene

“…This upsurge interest in using the nanocomposites is a result of the low cost and ease synthesis of the material, consequently, the latter is widely used in a variety of fields of research and industry, including electrochemical sensors, solar batteries, optical integrated circuits, medical devices, construction units, flame retardant parts and radiation shields [10][11][12][13][14]. Additionally, compared to other synthesis routes, melt-mixing, and hot pressing are solvent-free, time-saving, and cost-effective methods providing, thus, high yields and are therefore preferred in terms of environmental sustainability and industrial scalability [15][16].…”