Thermal Mapping of Self-Promoted Calcium Carbide Reactions for Performing Energy-Economic Processes

Abstract

The syntheses of various chemical compounds require heating. The intrinsic release of heat in exothermic processes is a valuable heat source that is not effectively used in many reactions. In this work, we assessed the released heat during the hydrolysis of an energy-rich compound, calcium carbide, and explored the possibility of its usage. Temperature profiles of carbide hydrolysis were recorded, and it was found that the heat release depended on the cosolvent and water/solvent ratio. Thus, the release of heat can be controlled and adjusted. To monitor the released heat, a special tube-in-tube reactor was assembled using joining part 3D-printed with nylon. The thermal effect of the reaction was estimated using a thermoimaging IR monitor. It was found that the kinetics of heat release are different when using mixtures of water with different solvents, and the maximum achievable temperature depends on the type of solvent and the amount of water and carbide. The possibility of using the heat released during carbide hydrolysis to initiate a chemical reaction was tested using a hydrothiolation reaction—the nucleophilic addition of thiols to acetylene. In a model experiment, the yield of the desired product with the use of heat from carbide hydrolysis was 89%, compared to 30% in this intrinsic heating, which was neglected.

Assembly of (2×C2+C’2)×n Molecular Complexity Using a Sequence of Pt‐ and Pd‐Catalyzed Transformations with Calcium Carbide

“…Indeed, the enthalpy of calcium carbide hydrolysis is very high −127.2 kJ/mol (Scheme 1). [21] Moreover, the amount of heat released after calcium carbide hydrolysis is so high that side reactions can be initiated [22] …”

“…[21] Moreover, the amount of heat released after calcium carbide hydrolysis is so high that side reactions can be initiated. [22] Figure 1. Strategies for the conversion of carbon from calcium carbide to organic compounds.…”

Demonstration of Acetylene–Air Flame by Hydrolysis of Calcium Carbide to Rid Blind Beliefs and Misconceptions Regarding Purported Water Lit Lamp

“…As the amount of calcium carbide increases, the flame life is seen to increase almost linearly. Various applications of calcium carbide, such as a reagent in organic synthesis and ethynylation of aldehydes and ketones apart from acetylene formation with water, were discussed after the demonstration. − A typical demonstration was performed in the classroom among chemistry and nonchemistry students, the video link of which has been given in the Supporting Information. In this video, vernacular language has been sparingly used for the benefit of nonchemistry students since the aim of the demonstration is to educate students and nonstudents of chemistry alike.…”

A 60-times faster digital-discovery-compatible reaction setup with enhanced safety for chemical applications

“…The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method of 3D printing offers a promising avenue for creating diverse devices suited for applications in organic chemistry. [44][45][46] At present, 3D printing has found significant utility in chemistry, [47][48][49] materials science 50 and medicine. [51][52][53][54][55][56] Representative applications include the fabrication of testers, [57][58][59][60] catalysts, [61][62][63][64][65] chemical reactionware, [66][67][68] electrodes [69][70][71][72] and chemical reactors [73][74][75] as well as the design of personalized medicine [76][77][78][79] and prosthetics.…”