Thermal Link Design for Conduction Cooling of SRF Cavities Using Cryocoolers

Dhuley, Ram; Kostin, Roman; Prokofiev, O.; Geelhoed, Michael; Nicol, T.; Posen, S.; Thangaraj, J. C. T.; Kroc, Thomas; Kephart, R.

doi:10.1109/tasc.2019.2901252

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Мощность таких рефрижераторов достигла уровня, допускающего разработку сверхпроводящих ускорителей, не требующих подключения к внешней системе охлаждения, а значит, более дешевых в эксплуатации и пригодных к использованию в мобильных системах. Инновационный подход таких ускорителей включает в себя использование современных сверхпроводящих материалов с более низкими ВЧ-потерями, таких как станнид триниобия Nb 3 Sn [104] или диборид магния MgB 2 [105], а также применение безжидкостных схем охлаждения сверхпроводящих резонаторов [106], что позволяет значительное упростить разработку криомодулей и снизить эксплуатационные расходы.…”

Section: экономическая эффективностьunclassified

“…Уменьшение ВЧ-потерь в резонаторах до значений < 10 W, наряду с появлением автономных криорефрижераторов (криокулеров) с мощностью > 2 W [339], позволило начать разработку автономных ускорителей электронов и ионов, не требующих подключения к центральному рефрижератору или постоянного снабжения жидким гелием [340][341][342]. Более того, разработка эффективной системы контактного охлаждения резонаторов [106] сделала такие системы безжидкостными, что существенно упрощает их практическое использование [343].…”

Section: автономные сверхпроводящие ускорителиunclassified

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Перспективные Технологии Для Прикладных Резонансных Ускорителей Заряженных Частиц И Примеры Их Использования (Обзор)

Kutsaev

2021

Журнал Технической Физики

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This paper presents the author’s vision on current and future trends in RF particle accelerators development for industrial applications, based on his own work experience in this area. This review covers the most interesting and promising area of applications, according to author’s point of view, where a significant progress has been or can be achieved thanks to the novel technologies. In particular, high gradient structures, new materials and fabrication techniques, cryogenic systems and novel acceleration schemes led to miniaturization, efficiency and variability of the accelerators for industrial, medical, security and scientific applications, and even quantum computers.

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Section: экономическая эффективностьunclassified

Section: автономные сверхпроводящие ускорителиunclassified

Перспективные Технологии Для Прикладных Резонансных Ускорителей Заряженных Частиц И Примеры Их Использования (Обзор)

Kutsaev

2021

Журнал Технической Физики

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“…Most recently, cryogen-free cooling techniques applied to SRF techniques have demonstrated the operation of superconducting resonators with high-quality factors Q ∼ O (10 9 ) and accelerating gradient E acc ∼ 7 MV/m 5 . Cryogenfree systems generally employ compact closed-cycle cryocoolers contacted to the cavity via thermal-conduction links 6 . Such an achievement could eventually enable the dissemination of compact efficient SRF based accelerator with an array of societal applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field-Enhanced Conduction-Cooled Superconducting Cavity for High-Repetition-Rate Ultrafast Electron Bunch Generation

Mohsen,

Mihalcea,

Tom

et al. 2020

Preprint

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High-repetition-rate sources of bright electron bunches have a wide range of applications. They can directly be employed as probes in electron-scattering setups, or serve as a backbone for the generation of radiation over a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum. This paper describes the development of a compact sub-Mega-electronvolt (sub-MeV) electron-source setup capable of operating at MHz repetition rates and forming sub-picosecond electron bunches with transverse emittance below 20 nm. The setup relies on a conduction-cooled superconducting single-cell resonator with its geometry altered to enhance the field at the surface of the emitter. The system is designed to accommodate cooling using a model a 2 W at 4.2 K pulse tube cryogen-free cryocooler. Although we focus on the case of a photoemitted electron bunch, the scheme could be adapted to other emission mechanisms.

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“…1. The cavity surface was prepared by removing 120 µm via electropolishing (EP), 3 hour 800 • C vacuum Preparation of a single cell 650 MHz niobium cavity for conduction-cooling: niobium rings electron-beam welded to the cavity near its equator (left) and a 5N aluminum thermal link 14 connecting the cavity to the 4 K stage of a cryocooler (right). The bolted thermal contacts were prepared as described in our prior report 15 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

First demonstration of a cryocooler conduction cooled superconducting radiofrequency cavity operating at practical cw accelerating gradients

Dhuley

Posen

Geelhoed

et al. 2020

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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We demonstrate practical accelerating gradients on a superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) accelerator cavity with cryocooler conduction cooling, a cooling technique that does not involve the complexities of the conventional liquid helium bath. A single cell 650 MHz Nb 3 Sn cavity coupled using high purity aluminum thermal links to a 4 K pulse tube cryocooler, generated accelerating gradients up to 6.6 MV/m at 100% duty cycle. The operation was carried out with the cavity-cryocooler assembly in a simple vacuum vessel, completely free of circulating liquid cryogens. We anticipate that this simple cryocooling technique will make the SRF technology accessible to accelerator researchers with no access to full-stack helium cryogenic systems. Furthermore, the technique can lead to SRF based compact sources of high average power electron beams for environmental and industrial applications.Electron irradiation is a proven technique for environmental protection applications such as the treatment of industrial/municipal wastewater, flue gases, sewage sludge, etc. and has been demonstrated on several pilot scale projects 1 . For electron irradiation to be competitive on the large scale with existing treatment methods, electron beam (e-beam) sources capable of providing beam energy of 1−10 MeV, megawattclass average beam power, and high wall-plug efficiency (>50%) are needed 2 . The sources must also be robust, reliable, and have turn-key operation to be viable in the harsh environment expected around these applications 2 . Compact sources with smaller footprints and lower infrastructure cost are also preferred.E-beam sources using superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities as the beam accelerator can meet several of the above requirements. A meter-long or even a shorter structure of standard niobium cavities 3 or of low-dissipation Nb 3 Sn cavities 4 , both of which easily generate accelerating gradients >10 MV/m, can be an electron source with the desired beam energy. The low surface resistance of SRF cavities reduces their surface losses and provides high efficiency transfer of the input RF power to the beam, which can help to achieve the wall-plug efficiency target. The low surface resistance also facilitates constructing cavities with a larger aperture and allows RF operation with 100% duty cycle (continuous wave or cw mode), both of which are favorable for generating and efficiently transporting beams of very high average power. SRF cavities, however, need operation at cryogenic temperatures and are conventionally cooled by immersion in baths of liquid helium held near 2−4.5 K. The cryogenic infrastructure 5 needed for compressing, liquefying, distributing, recovering, and storing helium as well as expert cryogenic operators 6 needed for oversight run counter to the robustness, high reliability, compactness, and turn-key operation desired in industrial settings.An approach to simplify the helium cryogenic infrastructure and reduce its footprint is to integrate a closed-cycle 4 K cryocooler into an SRF cryomodule and ...

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Thermal Link Design for Conduction Cooling of SRF Cavities Using Cryocoolers

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Перспективные Технологии Для Прикладных Резонансных Ускорителей Заряженных Частиц И Примеры Их Использования (Обзор)

Перспективные Технологии Для Прикладных Резонансных Ускорителей Заряженных Частиц И Примеры Их Использования (Обзор)

A Field-Enhanced Conduction-Cooled Superconducting Cavity for High-Repetition-Rate Ultrafast Electron Bunch Generation

First demonstration of a cryocooler conduction cooled superconducting radiofrequency cavity operating at practical cw accelerating gradients

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