“…However, the thermal management of 10 kW-level diode laser source is rarely investigated. Because of the large thermal stress resulting from the high radiation energy, the deformation and fracturing of optical elements in the laser sources usually appear during their operations [10,11]. As any performance degradation or failure of the laser sources is unacceptable during the laser processing, the research on the thermal management of 10 kW-level diode laser source has been of great interest.…”