Thermal hazard analysis of hydrazine and nitric acid mixtures

Miyake, Akira; Kimura, Arata; Ogawa, Terushige; Satoh, Yuhi; Inano, Mitsumasa

doi:10.1007/s10973-005-0686-6

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…TGA studies of the collected product showed a 76.0% weight loss at ∼270 °C with a sharp weight loss at ∼120 °C, amounting to >90% of total loss in both air and nitrogen (Figure b). The sharp weight loss at 120 °C is associated with the decomposition of N 2 H 5 NO 3 , which releases a large amount of heat as reported in the literature . The hydrazine estimation by KIO 3 on this decomposed product showed the presence of 18.7% hydrazine (in the form of N 2 H 5 NO 3 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…The sharp weight loss at 120 °C is associated with the decomposition of N 2 H 5 NO 3 , which releases a large amount of heat as reported in the literature. 55 The hydrazine estimation by KIO 3 on this decomposed product showed the presence of 18.7% hydrazine (in the form of N 2 H 5 NO 3 ). On the basis of TGA weight loss and hydrazine estimation and XRD analysis, formation of a γ-FeOOH • H 2 O • 2N 2 H 5 NO 3 type adduct is proposed, which supports the theoretical weight loss (73.1%) and hydrazine content (16.0% in the form of N 2 H 5 NO 3 ).…”

Section: Ferricmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Ferrous Oxalate. Iron oxalate and its hydrazine derivative are insoluble in water or in any most other solvents 55 and are unsuitable for aerosolization using the nebulizer setup. Thus, the iron oxalate and presynthesized FeC 2 O 4 • 2N 2 H 4 (by equilibration method) was aerosolized using a fluidizer (not shown in experimental setup Figure 1) and decomposed at different temperature in FuAR.…”

Section: Ferricmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrazine-Assisted, Low-Temperature Aerosol Pyrolysis Method to Synthesize γ-Fe₂O₃

2008

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Oxides of iron in different crystalline forms such as hematite, maghemite, and magnetite have been used in number of industrial and biomedical applications in recent years. These materials are often synthesized in multiple-step processes in which simultaneous control of particle size, shape, morphology, and crystallinity is difficult. A single-step, low-temperature spray pyrolysis of iron precursors with hydrazine in a furnace aerosol reactor (FuAR) is described. To help select viable precursors and guide selection of operating conditions for the aerosol process, hydrazine derivatives of iron precursors are prepared in batch and analyzed with TGA, FTIR, and XRD. These results were also used to identify the chemical formula of hydrazinated precursors and elucidate the reaction pathway for the precursors such as ferrous acetate, ferric nitrate, and ferrous oxalate that are suitable for single-step aerosol reactor synthesis. These iron precursors are aerosolized and reacted in situ with hydrazine vapor to demonstrate the single-step, low-temperature production of metarstable γ-Fe2O3. Structurally similar cubic intermediates (FeO, Fe3O4, γ-FeOOH·H2O) are the key decomposition intermediates observed during the synthesis of γ-Fe2O3. It is shown that hydrazinated iron precursors decompose at a lower temperature compared to the same unhydrazinated precursors to produce pure γ-Fe2O3. The localized exothermal reaction of hydrazine released from the hydrazinated precursor with oxygen along with a controlled supply of energy assists in the production of the metastable γ-Fe2O3. Hydrazine oxidation releases moisture and nitrogen as reaction byproduct, which further enhances the stability of γ-Fe2O3.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Ferricmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Ferricmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrazine-Assisted, Low-Temperature Aerosol Pyrolysis Method to Synthesize γ-Fe₂O₃

2008

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“…DSC is regarded as a useful tool for the evaluation of thermal hazards and for the investigation of decomposition mechanisms of reactive chemicals if the experiments are carried out carefully [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Fundamental Thermal Detection By Dscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal explosion analysis of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide by non-isothermal and isothermal calorimetric applications

Chi

Shu

2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…These tests may underestimate mixing hazards due to adiabatic heat loss. In typical mixing hazard evaluations, reaction calorimeters (RC-1) or small reaction calorimeters (Super CRC) are used [7][8][9][10][11]. RC-1 and Super CRC are often utilized for safety predictions and the determination of the optimal conditions of chemical processes [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing hazard evaluation using small-scale Dewar vessels

Suzuki

Izato

Yoshino

et al. 2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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In mixing hazard evaluations, a smaller scale is preferred for safety reasons and in order to conserve the samples. We have developed a small-scale Dewar vessel test (SDVT) that measures the amount of heat from a temperature change upon the mixing of two chemicals. In general, the accuracy of small-scale tests is negatively impacted by heat loss. The purpose of this study is to establish experimental conditions and to validate the reproducibility and accuracy of our small-scale test. The adjustable experimental parameters for SDVT are: position of sample injection, amount of sample, stirring speed, and surrounding temperature. These conditions were optimized for the measurement of the heat of neutralization of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the reproducibility was validated by measurement of the heat of hydration between acetic acid anhydride and water. The relative standard deviation of the maximum temperature change was 3.1%. To validate the accuracy, the heat of reaction between the neutralization reaction and hydration reaction was calculated. The heat of reaction was in good agreement with the theoretical value. Thus, the SDVT has sufficient accuracy and reproducibility to serve as a screening method for the mixing hazard of chemicals.

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Thermal hazard analysis of hydrazine and nitric acid mixtures

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrazine-Assisted, Low-Temperature Aerosol Pyrolysis Method to Synthesize γ-Fe₂O₃

Hydrazine-Assisted, Low-Temperature Aerosol Pyrolysis Method to Synthesize γ-Fe₂O₃

Thermal explosion analysis of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide by non-isothermal and isothermal calorimetric applications

Mixing hazard evaluation using small-scale Dewar vessels

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Thermal hazard analysis of hydrazine and nitric acid mixtures

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrazine-Assisted, Low-Temperature Aerosol Pyrolysis Method to Synthesize γ-Fe2O3

Hydrazine-Assisted, Low-Temperature Aerosol Pyrolysis Method to Synthesize γ-Fe2O3

Thermal explosion analysis of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide by non-isothermal and isothermal calorimetric applications

Mixing hazard evaluation using small-scale Dewar vessels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Hydrazine-Assisted, Low-Temperature Aerosol Pyrolysis Method to Synthesize γ-Fe₂O₃

Hydrazine-Assisted, Low-Temperature Aerosol Pyrolysis Method to Synthesize γ-Fe₂O₃