Thermal expansion of fumed silica/cyanate ester nanocomposites

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The thermal expansion behavior of a cyanate ester matrix reinforced by fumed silica nanoparticles with average primary particle diameters of 12 and 40 nm was investigated with thermomechanical analysis. All nanocomposites showed decreased coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) in comparison with the neat bisphenol E cyanate ester resin, but the 12-nm fumed silica nanocomposites had lower CTEs than the 40-nm nanocomposites for equal volume fractions. The largest decrease in CTE was 27.0% for 20.7 vol % 40-nm fumed silica. When the data were compared to applicable theory, the best fit of the data was given by Schapery's upper limit and Shi's model. Estimates of the interphase volume fraction and effective thickness surrounding the nanoparticles were made with the results of Shi's model, and the results showed that the interphase volume fraction was larger for the 12-nm fumed silica nanocomposites, given an equal fraction of silica. The glass-transition temperature of the nanocomposites from thermomechanical analysis varied only slightly with the volume fraction.

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“…Sun et al [13] compared the dimensional stabilities of micro-and nano-silica-reinforced epoxy composites and demonstrated that the nanofillers could decrease the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of a base polymer better than micron-sized fillers. Goertzen and Kessler [14] reported the same experimental result for the CTE of nanosilica/cyanate ester nanocomposites. More recently, using the same silica/epoxy composites, Jang et al [15] reported a clear filler size effect in the http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.03.041 0263-8223/Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.…”

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“…Typically, the three models that are used to predict CTE for polymer/filler composites are the rule of mixtures, Turner's model, and Schapery's model. 13,25,26 The rule of mixtures involves computing the CTE of the composite based on the CTE of the filler (a f ), the CTE of the polymer matrix (a m ), and the filler volume fraction (j f ), as shown in Eq. (1) below:…”

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