Thermal expansion and length stability of Zerodur in dependence on temperature and time

Lindig, Otto; Pannhorst, W.

doi:10.1364/ao.24.003330

Cited by 63 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The damaged layer thickness can be approximated by assuming all of the radiation effects are confined to one homogeneous region of thickness 4 ). Radlein et al 10 found similar density compaction amounts for both Zerodur and Zerodur-M, the latter a modified composition designed to avoid any high-temperature thermal expansion hysteresis effects 12,13 .…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compaction effects of radiation on Zerodur

Davis¹,

Fainberg

2003

SPIE Proceedings

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All materials undergo some degree of compaction or expansion when exposed to radiation. Multi-component materials are more susceptible to this effect than single-component materials (e.g., fused silica). Nonetheless, the much lower expansion characteristics of multi-component materialssuch as the ultra-low expansion glass-ceramic Zerodurpreserves the attractiveness of such materials for applications that require superior dimensional stability. In this study, we present a reanalysis of experimental data describing the compaction effects of electron radiation on Zerodur. These data include high-dose, high dose-rate bulk density measurements as well as lower-dose, interferometrically-measured surface figure changes. We show that previous attempts to deduce linear compaction from figure changes are in error and in fact have precluded earlier attempts to predict radiation effects for an arbitrary optical geometry. By interpreting surface figure measurements in light of a more relevant physical modela simplified bimetal equationwe are able for the first time to accurately predict expected deformation as a function of prescribed dose for both laboratory and space-based experiments. Moreover, we show that a real discrepancy exists between compaction estimates from bulk density experiments and those from surface figure measurements.

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Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compaction effects of radiation on Zerodur

Davis¹,

Fainberg

2003

SPIE Proceedings

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“…11). A notable discrepancy is seen for the 40 o C measurement, perhaps associated with hysteresis phenomena long recognized for this material 14 …”

Section: Zerodur ® Glass-ceramicmentioning

confidence: 75%

High-precision thermal expansion measurements using small Fabry-Perot etalons

Davis¹,

Hayden²,

Farber

2007

SPIE Proceedings

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Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) measurements using small Fabry-Perot etalons were conducted on high and low thermal expansion materials differing in CTE by a factor of nearly 400. The smallest detectable change in length was ~10 -12 m. The sample consisted of a mm-sized Fabry-Perot etalon equipped with spherical mirrors; the material-undertest served as the 2.5 mm-thick spacer between the mirrors. A heterodyne optical setup was used with one laser locked to an ~780 nm hyperfine line of Rb gas and the other locked to a resonance of the sample etalon; changes in the beat frequency between the two lasers as a function of temperature directly provided a CTE value. The measurement system was tested using the high-CTE SCHOTT optical glass N-KF9 (CTE = 9.5 ppm/K at 23 o C). Measurements conducted under reproducibility conditions using five identically-prepared N-KF9 etalons demonstrate a precision of 0.1 ppm/K; absolute values (accuracy) are within 2-sigma errors with those made using mechanical dilatometers with 100-mm long sample rods. Etalon-based CTE measurements were also made on a high-CTE (~10.5 ppm/K), proprietary glass-ceramic used for high peak-pressure electrical feedthroughs and revealed statistically significant differences among parts made under what were assumed to be identical conditions. Finally, CTE measurements were made on etalons constructed from SCHOTT's ultra-low CTE Zerodur ® glass-ceramic (CTE about -20 ppb/K at 50 o C for the material tested herein).

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“…See figures 3 and 4. The hysteresis effects in Zerodur were described by Lindig et al [8]. We are looking forward to evaluating Schott's developmental material which may exhibit less hysteresis.…”

Section: Thermal Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 92%

Dimensional Stability of Materials Useful in Optical Engineering

1986

Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics

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Current requirements for increasingly stable structures have motivated the precision measurements described here. We survey the thermal expansivity versus temperature characteristics of some popular low-expansivity materials, including metals, for which the situation is especially unsatisfactory (for example, Invar and Super Invar) and point out the unusual expansion behaviour upon thermal cycling of Zerodur. A new differential technique is described which makes possible measurements of the uniformity of expansivity with an uncertainty as small as +0-1 x 10-0 K-. Finally, we discuss ongoing measurements of temporal stability at constant temperature and call attention to the problems with Invars.

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Thermal expansion and length stability of Zerodur in dependence on temperature and time

Cited by 63 publications

References 7 publications

Compaction effects of radiation on Zerodur

Compaction effects of radiation on Zerodur

High-precision thermal expansion measurements using small Fabry-Perot etalons

Dimensional Stability of Materials Useful in Optical Engineering

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