“…The currents are labeled as AC‐Agulhas Current, ACC‐Antarctic Circumpolar Current, BC‐Brazil Current, BCC‐Brazilian Coastal Current, BGC‐Benguela Current, MC‐Malvinas Current, SAC‐South Atlantic Current, SEC‐South Equatorial Current. The location of the marine sediment core investigated in this study, as well as of some archives discussed here are shown: (1) GeoB2107‐3 (this study), (2) GL‐1090 (Lessa et al, ), (3) BCCF06‐03 (Souto et al, ), (4) GL‐74 (Portilho‐Ramos et al, ), (5) GeoB6211‐2 (Chiessi et al, ), and (6) Botuverá Cave (Wang et al, ). The satellite images show the core site location (black and white circle) and the mesoscale surface circulation off Cape Santa Marta (CSM), defined by the meandering flow of the Brazil Current (BC): (b) the infrared satellite image (AVHRR/NOAA) depicts the development of the Santa Marta cyclonic vortex delineated by a thermal contrast in °C (color shading) between the BC and the Brazilian Coastal Current (BCC); (c) the ocean color satellite image (VIIRS‐SNPP/NOAA) depicts the development of Santa Marta cyclonic vortex delineated by the surface chlorophyll a concentration in mg/m 3 (color shading) mirroring phytoplankton bloom and primary productivity.…”