Thermal emerging technology approach for the extraction of bioactive compounds from Cylindra beetroot (peel, flesh, and stalk) with green solvent

Abstract

With the benefits of high temperature and short time treatment, microwave irradiation has conquered novel extraction technology to valorize food wastes. In this study, the extraction processes of bioactive compounds from beetroot peel were accomplished by a home‐use microwave oven following the central composite design performed by R statistical software. Aside from peel, stalk and flesh were utilized for bioactive compounds extraction as a comparison under three different processing conditions. Concerning the control (extracted conventionally), superior amounts of betalains, phenolics, flavonoids, and the relevant antioxidants were scavenged at 800 W of microwave power together with 150 s of extraction period following the descending order: peel, flesh, and stalk. Their respective extraction yield percentages are 9.14% (peel), 11.37% (stalk), and 14.99% (flesh). Ultimately, our observation is a prove of the high extraction efficiency of the pure water solvent. Novelty impact statement Cylindra beetroot contains greater amounts of bioactive compounds in peel regarding its stalk and flesh parts. Extraction yield percentages were improved by two to three times with MAE.

Effect of microwave pretreatment on the extraction of antioxidant‐rich red color betacyanin, phenolic, and flavonoid from the crown of Cylindra‐type beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)

“…Nilson's method was used to measure the concentration of BC in the supernatant of the centrifuged sample. Supernatants were diluted with McIlvain buffer (pH = 6.5) before reading the absorbance at the wavelength of 538 nm (Zin & Bánvölgyi, 2022). …”

“…There has been proved the existence of BC in red or yellow beetroot ( Beta vulgaris L.), Malabar spinach ( Basellaceae ), Bougainvillea glabra , Chenopodium quinoa Willd., cactus ( Opuntia , Hylocereus , Mammillaria , Melocactus , and Myrtillocactus species), and so forth (Kumorkiewicz‐Jamro et al, 2021). The recovered amounts can differ along with the varied nature of the sources or hosts (Zin & Bánvölgyi, 2022). Betanin, mostly beetroot ( B. vulgaris L.) based betanin, is the most stable red color compound and its antioxidant ability is based on its donation of hydrogen and electron.…”

Bioactive compounds and its optimization from food waste: review on novel extraction techniques

“…Traditional extraction methods such as solid–liquid extraction, soxhlet extraction and liquid–liquid extraction are used to extract the bioactive compounds from food biomass waste streams at the initial stage of extraction. The traditional methods are associated with some disadvantages like high solvent consumption, high energy requirement, thermal degradation of heat-labile components and longer extraction times, whereas the novel extraction processes, which include ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) (Li et al , 2022; Daud et al , 2022; Savic et al , 2022), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) (Araújo et al , 2020; Alvi et al , 2022; Zin and Bánvölgyi, 2022), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) (Patil et al , 2021; Teles et al , 2021; Nath et al , 2016), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) (Peng et al , 2020; Pattnaik et al , 2021; Restrepo-Serna and Alzate, 2022), pulse electric field extraction (Redondo et al , 2018; Pataro et al , 2020) and pressurized liquid extraction (Sagar et al , 2018; García et al , 2021; Pereira et al , 2021), are more reliable and efficient compared with traditional methods.…”