Thermal effects on bacterial bioaerosols in continuous air flow

Jung, Jae Hee; Lee, Jung Eun; Kim, Sang Soo

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.05.008

Cited by 66 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The axial air flow heating design was utilized due to its relevance to another laboratory study conducted in parallel to investigate the selected bio-agent defeat during explosion and combustion. This configuration is also being explored for thermal air purification of biocontaminated indoor air (Jung et al 2009a(Jung et al , 2009bLee and Lee 2006). Connected to a variable voltage source (Staco Energy Products, Co., Dayton, OH) through a general purpose transformer (Acme Electric Corp., Lumberton, NC), the heating element was operated at voltages of 50 to 160 V, producing a wide range of temperatures T heater .…”

Section: Preparation Of Viral Suspension and Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, these studies involved microorganisms in aqueous media or on solid surfaces. Few investigations on heat-induced microbial inactivation have dealt with aerosolized biological particles-bacterial spores (Grinshpun et al 2010;Mullican et al 1971), vegetative cells (Jung et al 2009a;Lee and Lee 2006), or fungal spores (Jung et al 2009b). To our knowledge, no data are currently available on the inactivation of aerosolized viruses by their exposure to hot air flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inactivation of airborne virions in an air flow drawn through a heating unit is also relevant to indoor air quality. Heat treatment is believed to be an effective, safe and environment-friendly method for purifying air contaminated with bioaerosol particles in continuous-flow settings, e.g., heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems (Jung et al 2009a(Jung et al , 2009b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inactivation of Aerosolized Viruses in Continuous Air Flow with Axial Heating

Grinshpun

Adhikari

et al. 2010

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Thermal inactivation of viruses has been studied in relevance to food sterilization, water purification, and other "non-aerosol" applications, in which heat treatment is applied for a relatively long time. No data are available on the inactivation of airborne viruses exposed to dry heat for a short time, although this is relevant to biodefense and indoor air quality control. In this study, we investigated inactivation of aerosolized MS2 viruses in a continuous air flow chamber with axial heating resulted from exposures during ∼0.1-1 s. For an airborne virion, the characteristic exposure temperature, T e , was defined utilizing the air temperature profiles in the chamber. The tests were conducted at two air flow rates, Q, which allowed for establishing different thermal flow regimes and exposure time intervals. The experimentally determined inactivation factor, IF, was subjected to correction to account for the temperature profiles. At T e up to ∼90• C (Q = 18 L/min) and up to ∼140• C (Q = 36 L/min), the loss of viral infectivity was relatively modest (≤ 10). However, IF increased exponentially as T e rose from ∼90• C to ∼160• C (for 18 L/min) or from ∼140 • C to ∼230• C (for 36 L/min). Under specific thermal exposure conditions (∼170• C and ∼250 • C, respectively), IF exceeded ∼2.4 × 10 4 (∼99.996% infectivity loss)-the maximum quantifiable in this study. The airborne MS2 virions exposed to hot air for <1 s were found to have survived much higher temperatures than those subjected to thermal treatment in liquid for minutes or hours. The findings are significant for establishing limitations of the heat-based bioaerosol control methods.

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Section: Preparation Of Viral Suspension and Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inactivation of Aerosolized Viruses in Continuous Air Flow with Axial Heating

Grinshpun

Adhikari

et al. 2010

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The inner pressure change is unlikely to break the coat layers of B. subtilis spores and thus is not believed to be a primary factor responsible to a very effective spore inactivation observed in this study. Even vegetative cells of B subtilis (which do not have protective coat layers) have been shown to stay intact after exposure to about 700°C, as demonstrated by recently published scanning electron micrographs (Jung et al, 2009b). Damages to proteins and DNA are probably more important factors.…”

Section: Heat-induced Changes In Structure and Composition Of An Aeromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One relates to biodefense/counterterrorism involving biological warfare agents that are exceptionally resistant to various stresses, including "dry" and "wet" heat (Setlow, 1995 (Jung et al, 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Aerosolized Biological Agents using Filled Nanocomposite Materials

Grinshpun¹,

Schoenitz²,

Dreizin³

et al. 2013

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY)2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (From -To) Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.In this multi-institutional grant, a new method for inactivating aerosolized biological agents was developed utilizing a new class of energetic materials: filled nanocomposite materials. The implemented approach enabled a controllable release of iodine-based oxidizing species in the combustion environment to inactivate viable airborne bio-agents, such as stress-resistant bacterial spores and viruses. Composites with adjustable Al/I2 ratios were produced. A state-of-the-art experimental facility was developed for studying how novel energetic formulations and their combustion products affect the viability of aerosolized spores and viruses during a short (< 1 s) exposure times. Controlled bioaerosol dispersal and sample collection protocols were developed and optimized. The dry-heat inactivation of aerosolized spores was quantified separately from chemical effects and linked to DNA repair mechanisms. It was concluded that the iodine-containing powder provided significantly more effective inactivation of airborne spores than non-iodinated powders. The results of this research help to better understand physical, physicochemical, and biological properties associated with inactivation of aerosolized bio-agents in combustion environments.Bioaerosol inactivation, spore, virus, bio-agent defeat, energetic material, iodine 1.000 000 x E -10 1.013 25 x E +2 1.000 000 x E +2 1.000 000 x E -28 1.054 350 x E +3 4.184 000 4.184 000 x E -2 3.700 000 x E +1 1.745 329 x E -2 t k = (t o f + 459.67)/1.8 1.602 19 x E -19 1.000 000 x E -7 1.000 000 x E -7 3.048 000 x E -1 1.355 818 3.785 412 x E -3 2.540 000 x E -2 1.000 000 x E +9 1.000 000 4.183 4.448 222 x E +3 6.894 757 x E +3 1.000 000 x E +2 1.000 000 x E -6 2.540 000 x E -5 1.609 344 x E +3 2.834 952 x E -2 4.448 222 1.129 848 x E -1 1.751 268 x E +2 4.788 026 x E -2 6.894 757 4.535 924 x E -1 4.214 011 x E -2 1.601 846 x E +1 1.000 000 x E -2 2.579 760 x E -4 1.000 000 x E -8 1.459 390 x E +1 1. ABSTRACTIn this multi-institutional grant, a new method for ...

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Effects of Antimicrobial Air Filters on the Viability and Culturability of Airborne Bacteria

Hwang

Kwon

Lee

et al. 2016

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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The effects of antimicrobial filters on the viability and culturability of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis in terms of antimicrobial nanoparticle concentrations and bacterial residence time on filters were investigated. The Sophora flavescens nanoparticles were used to prepare antimicrobial filters. Although the loss of bacterial viability and culturability increased with increasing antimicrobial nanoparticle concentrations on the filter, the intensity of the antimicrobial reactions differed: The culturability loss was more than twice the viability loss under all conditions, and a maximum of 45 ± 12% to 57% ± 12% of bacteria entered the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. Testing filters at various bacterial residence times, 87 ± 4% to 92 ± 0.1% of bacteria lost culturability after 60 min due to natural decay, whereas only 10 ± 4 to 13 ± 6% lost viability. Additionally, the number of VBNC bacteria increased with increasing residence time. On antimicrobial filters, the culturability reduction trends of both bacterial species were similar; however, their viability reduction trends differed: The E. coli viability decreased gradually from 77 ± 10% to 64 ± 7% over 60 min, whereas that of B. subtilis decreased dramatically from 70 ± 13% to 22 ± 0.1% over the same period. As residence time increased, the proportion of E. coli and B. subtilis cells that entered the VBNC state decreased due to the increased antimicrobial effect on bacterial viability.

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Thermal effects on bacterial bioaerosols in continuous air flow

Cited by 66 publications

References 61 publications

Inactivation of Aerosolized Viruses in Continuous Air Flow with Axial Heating

Inactivation of Aerosolized Viruses in Continuous Air Flow with Axial Heating

Inactivation of Aerosolized Biological Agents using Filled Nanocomposite Materials

Effects of Antimicrobial Air Filters on the Viability and Culturability of Airborne Bacteria

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