Thermal diffusivity of tungsten irradiated with protons up to 5.8 dpa

Habainy, Jemila; Dai, Yong; Lee, Yongjoong; Iyengar, Srinivasan

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.06.041

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, other thermal properties are very different. The thermal diffusivity of~70 mm 2 /s for W [66] is much higher than that of 24.2 mm 2 /s for Ta [67] at room temperature, and both decrease with an increasing temperature [66]. The thermal conductivities of W and Ta are thus calculated to be 170 and 57 W/m K, respectively.…”

Section: D Morphology Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Multiscale Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructures Created by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Liquids for Polarization-Dependent Broadband Antireflection

et al. 2020

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In this work, we present the possibility of producing multiscale hierarchical micro/nanostructures by the femtosecond laser ablation of transition metals (i.e., Ta and W) in water and investigate their polarization-dependent reflectance. The hierarchical micro/nanostructures are composed of microscale-grooved, mountain-like and pit-rich structures decorated with hybrid laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs). The hybrid LIPSSs consist of low/high and ultrahigh spatial frequency LIPSSs (LSFLs/HSFLs and UHSFLs). LSFLs/HSFLs of 400–600 nm in a period are typically oriented perpendicular to the direction of the laser polarization, while UHSFLs (widths: 10–20 nm and periods: 30–50 nm) are oriented perpendicular to the curvatures of LSFLs/HSFLs. On the microstructures with height gradients, the orientations of LSFLs/HSFLs are misaligned by 18°. On the ablated W metasurface, two kinds of UHSFLs are observed. UHSFLs become parallel nanowires in the deep troughs of LSFLs/HSFLs but result in being very chaotic in shallow LSFLs, turning into polygonal nanonetworks. In contrast, chaotic USFLs are not found on the ablated Ta metasurfaces. With the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, it is found that microgrooves show an obvious polarization-dependent reflectance at wavelengths of 15 and 17.5 μm associated with the direction of the groove, and the integration of microstructures with LSFs/HSFLs/UHSFLs is thus beneficial for enhancing the light absorbance and light trapping in the near-to-mid-infrared (NIR-MIR) range.

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Section: D Morphology Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Multiscale Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructures Created by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Liquids for Polarization-Dependent Broadband Antireflection

et al. 2020

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“…The later stages of the project focused on irradiated tungsten. Thermal diffusivity [4]; hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and DBTT [5]; and effects of dynamic loads [6] were studied. Full description of the project can be found in ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tungsten as Spallation Material at the European Spallation Source

Habainy

Lee

Dai

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Spallation Materials Technology

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Characterization of thermal and mechanical properties of high-energy proton and spallation neutron irradiated tungsten was performed. The work includes studies of unirradiated tungsten from various suppliers and processing routes, to determine which grade of tungsten is the most suitable for use as spallation material at the European Spallation Source (ESS). Present fatigue studies on unirradiated tungsten suggest limiting the maximum stress in tungsten to 100 MPa and choosing rolled and annealed material which has proven to be the most durable. Studies of tungsten in mildly oxidising atmospheres, show that even 5 ppm of oxygen impurity in the helium cooling gas is enough to oxidise it. Based on these results, the upper temperature limit in the target during normal operation was set to 500 ˚C. However, both temperature and thermo-mechanical stress in tungsten will alter as the properties of the material change due to irradiation. As available data on irradiated tungsten is very limited, large efforts were made to study tungsten irradiated under similar conditions as the future ESS target material. These studies include irradiation induced changes in thermal diffusivity, hardness, ductility, and ultimate tensile strength. Data from these tests show severe embrittlement of tungsten post-irradiation, with virtually zero plasticity in specimens tested up to 500 °C. Hardness tests showed an increase in hardness by more than 50%, and thermal diffusivity decreased by up to 51%.

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“…For critical materials in target environment with scarce literature sources, dedicated research program has been set up and the obtained materials data are compiled in the Handbook. Extensive studies of project critical materials have been conducted in collaboration with other leading institutions, which include tungsten as spallation material [5][6][7][8][9][10][11], liquid hydrogen as moderator material [12], beryllium as reflector material, and greases as lubricating material [13,14]. This paper presents an overview of the ESS Materials Handbook and its development status as of May 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Materials Handbook for Target and Target-Interfacing Systems at European Spallation Source

Lee

2020

Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Spallation Materials Technology

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For a systematic management of the materials data to support the design of the components in target environment at European Spallation Source (ESS), a Materials Handbook has been in under active development since 2015. The ESS Materials Handbook mainly consists of three parts on Top Level Materials Selection Criteria, Materials Scope and Components Lifetimes, and Materials Properties Database. This paper reports the development status of the ESS Materials Handbook, which is presently under work for Revision 6.

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Thermal diffusivity of tungsten irradiated with protons up to 5.8 dpa

Cited by 49 publications

References 15 publications

Multiscale Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructures Created by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Liquids for Polarization-Dependent Broadband Antireflection

Multiscale Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructures Created by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Liquids for Polarization-Dependent Broadband Antireflection

Tungsten as Spallation Material at the European Spallation Source

Status of Materials Handbook for Target and Target-Interfacing Systems at European Spallation Source

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