“…This is expected as initial flow in the case of pipeline restart is very slow and pressure propagation is a fast process. The presence of a high initial viscosity of the gel may contribute to significant heat generation as earlier reported [19]. However, it is found in this work that for pipeline restart, heat generation as a result of viscous dissipation has no substantial influence on the gel degradation or pressure propagation.…”
Section: Effect Of Brinkman Number On Heat Transfer and Pressure Propmentioning
confidence: 45%
“…In another study, regularized Bingham rheology for incompressible Poiseuille flow was modelled at non-isothermal conditions. The convective and viscous dissipation terms were considered [19]. However, pressure propagation in pipelines for weakly compressible gels under non-isothermal conditions has not been analyzed previously.…”
“…This is expected as initial flow in the case of pipeline restart is very slow and pressure propagation is a fast process. The presence of a high initial viscosity of the gel may contribute to significant heat generation as earlier reported [19]. However, it is found in this work that for pipeline restart, heat generation as a result of viscous dissipation has no substantial influence on the gel degradation or pressure propagation.…”
Section: Effect Of Brinkman Number On Heat Transfer and Pressure Propmentioning
confidence: 45%
“…In another study, regularized Bingham rheology for incompressible Poiseuille flow was modelled at non-isothermal conditions. The convective and viscous dissipation terms were considered [19]. However, pressure propagation in pipelines for weakly compressible gels under non-isothermal conditions has not been analyzed previously.…”
“…A mesh containing 300 x 30 elements was also used in the simulations. A comparative assessment of the axial velocities for fully-developed flow for different Bingham numbers, Bn, against the results reported by Boualit et al (2011) and those obtained using the FDM, as shown in Figure 2, indicates that the present numerical methodologies and implementation of the regularized viscosity function are able to recover the reference results with acceptable accuracy. Furthermore, it can be observed that higher values of the yield stress, τ 0 (which is a rheological characteristic of the fluid and associated with Bn), cause an increase of a portion of the fluid moving with uniform velocity (UPR).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 68%
“…Table 1 shows the friction factor, fRe, for Bingham numbers ranging from Bn = 0 to Bn = 6.5. The results are compared with the numerical simulations from Boualit et al (2011) and the analytical study carried out by Quaresma and Macêdo (1998). The maximum difference between the present finite volume approximation and the analytical results is 2.37%.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 85%
“…Verification and validation of the numerical solution: This section presents the validation of the numerical method. The numerical solution of a viscoplastic fluid flow in a two-dimensional plane channel using ANSYS FLUENT ® (based on the finite volume method) was compared against solutions (i) obtained using an in-house code developed by the authors based on finite differences (FDM) and (ii) reported by Boualit et al (2011) determined using the finite element method. The flow conditions, geometry and rheological parameters follow the analysis performed by Boualit et al (2011), who adopted the Bingham-Papanastasiou model to compute the apparent viscosity of the viscoplastic fluid.…”
Identification of stagnant regions of viscoplastic fluid flows in production lines and equipment is of paramount importance owing to potential material degradation and process contamination. The present work introduces an assessment strategy to identify, classify and quantify unyielded regions with the objective of optimizing the flow conditions with the purpose of minimizing stagnant regions. Flow of Carbopol ® 980 in a T-bifurcation channel is adopted to illustrate the procedure. The rheological behavior of Carbopol ® 980 was simulated using the Herschel-Bulkley viscoplastic model regularized by Papanastasiou's exponential approach. The analysis shows that three distinct types of stagnant unyielded regions take place in the bifurcation channel depending upon the Reynolds condition. Furthermore, the rheological characteristics of the fluid indicate the existence of an ideal Reynolds condition which allows the smallest flow stagnant area at the bifurcation zone.
The present paper investigates the laminar forced convection heat transfer for a generalized Casson fluid flow through a horizontal circular pipe and between two parallel plates maintained at a uniform wall temperature. This study focuses on the effect of yield stress and flow index as well as Peclet number on thermal transport characteristics for both the entrance and the fully developed regions. Because of the viscous character of this kind of fluids, viscous dissipation is taken into account. The regularized Papanastasiou model is considered to avoid the discontinuous-viscosity behavior of the fluid. The governing equations are discretized by means of the finite volume method using the power law scheme. The numerical simulations are conducted using a source code based on the FORTRAN language. The results show that the increase in the Peclet number leads to the increase in the heat transfer rate at the inlet. Furthermore, the Nusselt number decreases when the flow index increases and increases downstream when the Casson number increases. Heat transfer is also significantly improved when viscous dissipation is taken into account. A correlation is proposed at the end of the study; it gives the asymptotic Nusselt number over a wide range of the Casson number (0 B Ca B 20), when viscous dissipation is neglected and taken into account. The comparison between both geometrical configurations shows that, from a thermal point of view, it is more interesting to use parallel plates than a pipe. Keywords Generalized Casson fluid Á Viscous dissipation Á Yield stress Á Uniform wall temperature Á Finite volume method Á Nusselt number List of symbols a, b, c Constants of Eq. (12) Br Brinkman number, = l p U e 2 /k(T e -T w ) CaCasson number, ¼ s 0 D h l p U e C p Specific heat at constant pressure (J kg -1 K -1
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