Thermal Destruction of Micrococcus freudenreichii and Streptococcus thermophilus with Particular Reference to Pasteurization without Holding

Abstract

It would appear from the present results that high filipin production cannot be attributed to any specific aliphatic substance, but rather that there are a limited number of compounds which are favorable. It is difficult to decide from the data what the exact requirements in a substrate are, since related materials such as stearic and 12-hydroxystearic acids show such wide differences. It may be necessary to separate toxicity from unavailability. The shorter-chain compounds that are ineffective may be toxic, while the longer-chain ineffective compounds may be unavailable due to inadequate dispersability.

Thermal Resistance of Salmonellae and Staphylococci in Foods

“…Recent thermal death time studies (1,2,4,17) have been conducted to determine the time necessary for destruction of salmonellae and staphylococci over the temperature range from 48.9 to 65.6 C, and the results have been expressed in terms of the slope of the decimal reduction time curve for a particular organism and suspension medium. There are data derived from tubular heat exchangers for thermal destruction of several bacteria in milk at temperatures up to 81.1 C (5,6,14).…”

Kinetics of Death of Bacterial Spores at Elevated Temperatures

“…If the heating character of these tubes is known, it is possible to account for the nonisothermal portion of the exposure by applying proper corrections. Other workers (Tobias, Herreid, and Ordal, 1953;Tobias, Kaufman, and Tracy, 1955;Collins et al, 1956;Read et al, 1957) employed small-bore, plate-type heat exchangers to study bacterial death at high temperatures. This equipment also required that the nonisothermal heating and cooling periods of the test suspension be taken into account.…”

Testing Thermal Death Data for Significant Nonlogarithmic Behavior1

“…In spite of these resolute statements, nonlogarithmic survivor curves are continually being reported in the literature; see Anderson, Esselen, and Fellows (1949), Collins et al (1956), Davis and Williams (1948), El-Bisi and Ordal (1956a,b), Frank and Campbell (1957), Kaplan, Lichtenstein, and Reynolds (1953), Kaufman and Andrews (1954), LaBaw and Disrosier (1954), Malin (1952), Reed, Bohrer, and Cameron (1951), Reynolds and Lichtenstein (1952), Sugiyama (1951), White (1953). Typical of such data are those obtained by the method of Stern and Proctor (1954) for the thermal death of spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus strain FS 7954 suspended in distilled water (see Fig.…”