Thermal DeNOx Controlling nitrogen oxides emissions by a noncatalytic process

Lyon, Richard K.

doi:10.1021/es00157a002

Cited by 143 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In general, it has been reported that increasing molar ratio over β=2.0 had little effect on an increase in NOx reduction in laboratory, isothermal experiments (Lyon, 1987;Ostberg and Dam-Johansen, 1994). …”

Section: Effect Of Initial Nox and Molar Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 96%

SNCR Application to Diesel Engine DeNOx under Combustion-driven Flow Reactor Conditions

Nam

Gibbs²

2012

Journal of Environmental Science International

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Diesel DeNOx experiments using the SNCR process were performed by directly injecting NH3 into a simulated engine cylinder (966 cm 3 ) for which a diesel fuelled combustion-driven flow reactor was designed by simulating diesel engine geometry, temperature profiles, aerodynamics and combustion products. A wide range of air/fuel mixtures (A/F=20∼45) were combusted for oxidizing diesel flue gas conditions where an initial NOx levels were 250~900 ppm and molar ratios (β=NH3/NOx) ranged from 0.5∼2.0 for NOx reduction tests. Effective NOx reduction occurred over a temperature range of 1100∼1350 K at cylinder injections where about 34% NOx reduction was achieved with β=1.5 and cylinder cooling at optimum flow conditions. The effects of simulated engine cylinder and exhaust parts, initial NOx levels, molar ratios and engine speeds on NOx reduction potential are discussed following temperature gradients and diesel engine environments. A staged injection by NH3 and diesel fuel additive is tested for further NOx reduction, and more discussed for practical implication.

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Section: Effect Of Initial Nox and Molar Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 96%

SNCR Application to Diesel Engine DeNOx under Combustion-driven Flow Reactor Conditions

Nam

Gibbs²

2012

Journal of Environmental Science International

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“…It is a simple process, referred to as "thermal DeNO x ," and involves the reduction of NO x to N 2 in the presence of oxygen by reaction with aminebased reagents (NH 2 -X) (Lucas and Brown, 1982;Lyon, 1987;Bowman, 1992;Rother, 1996;Muzio and Quartucy, 1997). The most common NH 2 -X agent is ammonia water of about 25% NH 3 (Cembureau Working Group, 1999).…”

Section: Selective Noncatalytic Reduction (Sncr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of nitrous oxide emission from cement plants: Real data measured with both Fourier transform infrared and nondispersive infrared techniques

Mosca

Benedetti

Guerriero

et al. 2014

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is the third most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane, and contributes about 6% to the greenhouse effect. Nitrous oxide is a minor component of the atmosphere, and it is a thousand times less than carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Nevertheless, it is much more potent than CO 2 and methane, owing to its long stay in the atmosphere of approximately 120 yr and the high global warming potential (GWP) of 298 times that of Implications: N 2 O may arise as an unwanted by-product of nitrogen oxide (NO x ) abatement systems, in particular selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR). Since it is applied in the cement plants, N 2 O emission from cement industry is evaluated, with both FTIR and NDIR instrument. Several considerations emerged from the results. First of all, the emission from this industrial sector is not negligible, and for that reason N 2 O concentration should be regulated; another observation is that the reference method based on the NDIR technique is not as selective as FTIR could be.

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“…Usually stationary combustors have much longer lifetime so, any new emission technologies must be able to retrofit easily to the existing facilities. As the catalytic bed need large space so it is rather difficult to retrofit to the existing industrial boilers (Lyon, R. K. and Hardy, J. E. 1986) ( Lyon, R. K. 1987). In contrast, as SNCR has no use of catalyst, it has minimized all the problems of SCR.…”

Section: Selective Non-catalytic Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reduction of Noxious Emissions Using Urea Based on Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction in Small Scale Bio Fuel Combustion System

Jaafar

2011

MAS

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Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) was studied experimentally by injecting different concentrations of aqueous urea solution in a pilot-scale Bio-fuel fired tunnel furnace at 3-4 % excess oxygen level and with low ppm of baseline NO x ranging from 65 to 75 ppm within the investigated temperature range. The furnace simulated small-scale combustion systems where the operating temperatures are usually in the range of about 973 to 1323 K and NO x emission level remains below 100 ppm. NO x reductions were studied with the variation of different parameters such as injection temperature, residence time, Normalized Stoichiometric Ratio (NSR) of the reagent, carrier gas pressure, etc. A significant amount of NO x reduction was achieved which was not pronounced by the previous researchers with urea SNCR for this low ppm of NO x . With 5% plain urea solution, at an NSR of 4 as much as 54% reduction was achieved at 1128 K, whilst in the additive case the NO x reduction was improved to as much as 69% at 1093 K.

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Thermal DeNOx Controlling nitrogen oxides emissions by a noncatalytic process

Cited by 143 publications

References 1 publication

SNCR Application to Diesel Engine DeNOx under Combustion-driven Flow Reactor Conditions

SNCR Application to Diesel Engine DeNOx under Combustion-driven Flow Reactor Conditions

Assessment of nitrous oxide emission from cement plants: Real data measured with both Fourier transform infrared and nondispersive infrared techniques

The Reduction of Noxious Emissions Using Urea Based on Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction in Small Scale Bio Fuel Combustion System

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