Thermal degradation of recycled polypropylene toughened with elastomers

Navarro, R.; Torre, Luigi; Kenny, J. M.; Jiménez, Alfonso

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(03)00222-2

Cited by 55 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The recycling of different polypropylene (PP)-based conventional composite systems has been an important topic of research [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Multiple extrusion of these materials under intensive shearing at elevated temperature can lead to thermal (temperature), thermal-oxidative (temperature and oxygen) and thermal-mechanical (temperature and shear level) degradation of the matrix and to modification of the filler morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Multiple Extrusions on the Properties of Montmorillonite Filled Polypropylene

et al. 2014

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Nanocomposites have attracted a great deal of interest during recent years. Much research has been conducted towards the incorporation of clay particles in a polypropylene matrix. However, the effect of extrusion reprocessing on the material properties has not been studied in depth. In this study, composites of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with organic modified montmorillonite (MMT) (4 wt%) and coupling agent were subjected to 15 extrusion cycles. The materials were characterized by melt flow index (MFI), plate-plate rheometry, tensile testing and impact measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed an improved intercalation of the MMT clay in the first few extrusions, thus improving the mechanical properties. Increasing the processing steps furthermore lead to a decrease in elastic modulus and impact strength, which was attributed to a reduction in matrix-filler interaction, most probably caused by organoclay degradation as shown by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of this study provide a useful insight in either the recycling of PP/MMT waste streams or the use of clay particles as a strengthening filler agent in the recycling process of different polymer waste streams.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Multiple Extrusions on the Properties of Montmorillonite Filled Polypropylene

et al. 2014

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“…As reported in previous experiences, a single degradation step was observed for the control film PP100 (Navarro et al, 2003) with Tmax_p of 474 C. The percent active agent remaining in the films after processing were estimated by TGA as 6.4 and 8.2% (w/w) for PP100_10%CHL and PP100_12%CHL, respectively (Table 4.10).…”

Section: Thermal Properties Of Active Filmssupporting

confidence: 65%

Antimicrobial packaging system for minimally processed fruit

Lledó¹,

Inés²

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Certifican que:La memoria titulada "Antimicrobial packaging system for minimally processed fruit" que presenta Dña. Marta Inés Lara Lledó para optar al grado de Doctor por la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, ha sido realizada en el Instituto Tecnológico del Embalaje, Transporte y Logística (ITENE) bajo su dirección y que reúne las condiciones para ser defendida por su autora. antimicrobiano, a escala laboratorio y a escala semi-industrial, con el objetivo de reducir la proliferación de la flora natural de la fruta pelada y cortada y extender su vida útil. Se han desarrollado distintos prototipos para su posterior aplicación industrial.Previo al desarrollo de los materiales de envase, se llevó a cabo una selección de agentes activos más idóneos. Para ello se estudiaron mediante ensayos in vitro las propiedades antimicrobianas de agentes activos volátiles, citral, hexanal y linalool y diferentes mezclas de los mismos, frente a distintos microorganismos típicos del deterioro de las frutas, mohos y levaduras, concluyendo que la efectividad de la mezcla de los tres es superior a la suma de la efectividad de los agentes activos de forma individual. Así mismo, también se seleccionaron agentes antimicrobianos no volátiles como el sorbato potásico y benzoato sódico, los cuáles son ampliamente empleados en la industria alimentaria debido principalmente a sus propiedades antifúngicas.Con los agentes activos seleccionados, se desarrollaron películas monocapa de polipropileno (PP) con distintas concentraciones de la mezcla activa, citral, hexanal y linalool, a escala laboratorio, mediante técnicas de extrusión, y películas bicapa a escala semi-industrial mediante coextrusión. Por otra parte, se desarrollaron bandejas activas a escala semiindustrial mediante termoconformado de láminas obtenidas por coextrusión de compuestos de PP y etilvinilaceteto (EVA) con sorbato potásico o benzoato sódico como agentes antimicrobianos.Se evaluaron las propiedades mecánicas, barreras y térmicas de los materiales activos desarrollados, así como su sellabilidad y transparencia. En general, las propiedades de los polímeros no se vieron afectadas de manera relevante. Sin embargo, las bandejas activas perdieron su carácter transparente debido a la incorporación de los agentes activos no volátiles.Se estudió la cinética de liberación de los compuestos activos volátiles y no volátiles a distintas temperaturas, determinando los coeficientes de difusión de los agentes activos RESUMEN mediante el ajuste a modelos matemáticos de difusión basados en la Segunda Ley de Fick.Entre los agentes volátiles, el hexanal mostró un mayor coeficiente de difusión seguido de citral y linalool. Por otra parte, no hubo apenas diferencia en los coeficientes de difusión del sorbato potásico y benzoato sódico, siendo éstos del mismo orden de magnitud.Igualmente, se realizaron diferentes experimentos in vitro a distintas temperaturas para determinar las propiedades antimicrobianas de los materiales desarrollados. En general, los materiales activos presentaron una elev...

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“…In nitrogen (Fig.8A), the nonisothermal TG profiles of the neat Santoprene and the blends reveal two major steps of weight loss at the temperature ranges of 200-400°C and 400-500°C, respectively. The first stage degradation for Santoprene can be attributed to the thermal degradation of plasticizers and oils usually added to the TPE formulations (40) . The second weight loss step of Santoprene mainly involves the thermal degradation of PP and EPDM components in Santoprene.…”

Section: Thermal Decomposition Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Reinforcing Elastomer Composite Based on Polyolefinic Thermoplastic Elastomer and Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer

Saikrasun

Phoban

Limpisawasdi

et al. 2007

JMMP

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In situ reinforcing elastomer composites based on Santoprene thermoplastic elastomer, a polymerized polyolefin compound of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM)/polypropylene (PP), and a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP), Rodrun LC3000, were prepared using a single-screw extruder. The rheological behavior, morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of the blends containing various LC3000 contents were investigated.All neat components and their blends exhibited shear thinning behavior. With increasing TLCP content, processability became easier because of the decrease in melt viscosity of the blends. Despite the viscosity ratio of dispersed phase to the matrix phase for the blend system is lower than 0.14, most of TLCP domains in the blends containing 5-10 wt% LC3000 appeared as droplets. At 20 wt% LC3000 or more, the domain size of TLCP became larger due to the coalescence of liquid TLCP threads that occurred during extrusion. The addition of LC3000 into the elastomer matrix enhanced the initial tensile modulus considerably whereas the extensibility of the blends remarkably decreased with addition of high TLCP level (>20wt%). The results obtained from thermogravimetric analysis suggested that the incorporation of LC3000 into Santoprene slightly improved the thermal resistance both in nitrogen and in air.

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Thermal degradation of recycled polypropylene toughened with elastomers

Cited by 55 publications

References 21 publications

The Effect of Multiple Extrusions on the Properties of Montmorillonite Filled Polypropylene

The Effect of Multiple Extrusions on the Properties of Montmorillonite Filled Polypropylene

Antimicrobial packaging system for minimally processed fruit

In Situ Reinforcing Elastomer Composite Based on Polyolefinic Thermoplastic Elastomer and Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer

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