Thermal degradation of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.): Impact of torrefaction on pyrolysis kinetics and thermal behavior

Lee, Byoung-Hwa; Jeong, Tae-Yong; Trinh, Viet Thieu; Jeon, Chung-Hwan

doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2021.01.012

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…4,8 Therefore, torrefaction is utilized to reduce undesired constituents, such as hydrogen and oxygen, thereby imparting the TK with chemical properties comparable to those of coal. 21 Fuel properties of the NB, RK, TK, and three other types of coals were compared using a van Krevelen diagram (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The torrefaction process significantly impacted the proportions of fixed carbon and volatile matter in the products, and the properties of TK changed based on the carbon content. In RK, the oxygen content is beneficial for combustion, although its calorific value is low due to the high oxygen content. , Therefore, torrefaction is utilized to reduce undesired constituents, such as hydrogen and oxygen, thereby imparting the TK with chemical properties comparable to those of coal . Fuel properties of the NB, RK, TK, and three other types of coals were compared using a van Krevelen diagram (Figure ).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Furthermore, the effects of torrefaction of Kenaf on thermal behavior under N 2 and CO 2 atmospheres were compared, 22 and the characteristics of kenaf and torrefied kenaf under pyrolysis conditions using three methods (FWO, KAS, and DAEM) were investigated. 21 Studies on the effects of RK or TK on the blend with coal, which are critical considerations for industry energy, are lacking. However, despite numerous studies on single and blended coal pyrolysis kinetics, kinetic studies using Vietnam anthracite as a raw material have not yet been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Vietnam, anthracite coal is the main fuel for the energy industry, supplying 18 power plants with only coal and 12 power plants with mixed anthracite . The characteristics of anthracite include low volatile content and difficulty in ignition and exhaustion. , Raw kenaf (RK) is a herbaceous biomass co-fired with coal in Korean power plants and has a relatively lower production cost than other biomass types . Furthermore, the effects of torrefaction of Kenaf on thermal behavior under N 2 and CO 2 atmospheres were compared, and the characteristics of kenaf and torrefied kenaf under pyrolysis conditions using three methods (FWO, KAS, and DAEM) were investigated .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of anthracite include low volatile content and difficulty in ignition and exhaustion. , Raw kenaf (RK) is a herbaceous biomass co-fired with coal in Korean power plants and has a relatively lower production cost than other biomass types . Furthermore, the effects of torrefaction of Kenaf on thermal behavior under N 2 and CO 2 atmospheres were compared, and the characteristics of kenaf and torrefied kenaf under pyrolysis conditions using three methods (FWO, KAS, and DAEM) were investigated . Studies on the effects of RK or TK on the blend with coal, which are critical considerations for industry energy, are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study of the Synergistic Effects of Blending Raw/Torrefied Biomass and Vietnamese Anthracite Using Co-pyrolysis

et al. 2021

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Biomass can be upgraded via torrefaction, and torrefied kenaf (TK) is a fuel that allows blending with coal at high ratios. In the present study, raw kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) (RK) was torrefied at 523 K for 30 min and then mixed with Vietnamese anthracite (NinhBinh, NB) before co-pyrolysis. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis was used to evaluate the behavior of RK, TK, and blended RK/TK during co-pyrolysis at biomass blending ratios (BBRs) of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 wt %. The TG and derivative thermogravimetry curves of a mixture of NB and RK (NBRK) were similar to those of RK. The decomposition curves of a mixture of NB and TK (NBTK) depended on the mass fraction of TK. Based on weight loss differences between the experimental and calculated data for the fuel blends, no interaction between the RK and anthracite was observed for all BBRs, whereas anthracite involving 50 and 75% TK exhibited synergistic effects. The temperature range for synergy and degree of synergy for NB and TK depended on the heating rate and mass ratio of TK. Kinetic parameters were calculated using the Friedman−non-isothermal free kinetic method at heating rates of 10, 20, and 40 K/min. The results showed that the activation energy (E) values of the NBRK at conversion ratios of 0.2−0.5 were equal to those of the RK, whereas they were superior at NB decomposition ratios of 0.6−0.8. NBTK1-1 (BBR of 50%) showed E values higher than those of NB at some conversion ratios, thus demonstrating a negative impact of blending. Further, NBTK1-3 (BBR of 75%) and NBTK3-1 (BBR of 25%) exhibited E values between those of NB and TK. The present study suggests that a high TK mass fraction (75%) in the blend for co-pyrolysis is optimal for the activation energy and volatile matter yield.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study of the Synergistic Effects of Blending Raw/Torrefied Biomass and Vietnamese Anthracite Using Co-pyrolysis

et al. 2021

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Adsorption of phenol on kenaf‐derived biochar: studies on physicochemical and adsorption characteristics and mechanism

Cho

Lee

Jin-Kyu-Kang

et al. 2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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The influence of torrefaction on the biochar characteristics produced from sesame stalks and bean husk

Khairy

Amer

Ibrahim

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Torrefaction encourages homogeneity and enhances the energy-producing capabilities of biomass. In the current study, bean husk (BH) and sesame stalks (SS) were torrefied for 30 and 60 min at operating temperatures of 200, 225, 250 and 275, and 300 °C with nitrogen purging. Mass yield (MY), higher heating value (HHV), energy yields (EY), and torrefaction severity index (TSI) were examined. The variations of the biochar characteristics, pyrolysis kinetics by applying two models (Coats and Redfern (CR) and Direct Arrhenius (DA)), and crystallinity index (CRI) were depicted. Depending on pyrolysis kinetics, thermodynamic activation parameters were derived to elucidate biomass pyrolysis. The alterations in the torrefied materials’ composition were also analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The calculations revealed that the torrefied SS and BH decreased MY by 32.74, 29.02% and decreased EY 26, 20.97%, increased high heating values by 14.1, 13.52%, increased fixed carbon by 55.1, 39.91% respectively, and had a slight reduction in bulk density (approximately 2%). Generally, 275 °C and 30 min were the optimal conditions for a balanced torrefaction of SS and BH based on the HHV that reached to 20.5, 16.2 MJ/kg and EY that reached to 86.16 and 85.56% respectively. The FTIR, XRD, and the thermogravimetric results showed that the torrefaction treatment altered samples owing to carbohydrate breakdown, a rise in lignin, and a reduction in hemicellulose as the temperature of the torrefaction process increased. The CR methodology yielded greater frequency factor (A) and activation energy (Ea) values than the DA method. The broadest peak width, lowest average Ea, and lnA were seen in sesame stalks that had been torrefied at 300 °C and 30 min that reached to 107.85 (kJ/mol) and 13.57 (min−1). Results indicated an excellent linear relationship with the index of comprehensive pyrolysis (CPI), CRI, atomic H/C ratio, severity index, and EY.

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Thermal degradation of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.): Impact of torrefaction on pyrolysis kinetics and thermal behavior

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

Comparative Study of the Synergistic Effects of Blending Raw/Torrefied Biomass and Vietnamese Anthracite Using Co-pyrolysis

Comparative Study of the Synergistic Effects of Blending Raw/Torrefied Biomass and Vietnamese Anthracite Using Co-pyrolysis

Adsorption of phenol on kenaf‐derived biochar: studies on physicochemical and adsorption characteristics and mechanism

The influence of torrefaction on the biochar characteristics produced from sesame stalks and bean husk

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