Thermal degradation of cellulose model compounds in inert atmosphere

Simkovic, I; Ďurindová, Mária; Mihálov, Vincent; Königstein, Jozef; Ambrovič, P.

doi:10.1002/app.1986.070310804

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In spite of the potential importance of the reducing end of cellulose, there are only a few papers relating to the pyrolytic reactivity of the reducing end. Essig et al 10 and Šimkovic et al 18 used NaBH 4 -reduced cellulose samples to study the role of the reducing end on thermal weight loss behavior, and both reported that the weightloss temperature moved slightly to higher temperatures after the reduction. However, further investigations on thermal glycosylation reactivity and pyrolytic coloration at the reducing end have not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Thermal glycosylation and degradation reactions occurring at the reducing ends of cellulose during low-temperature pyrolysis

Matsuoka

Kawamoto

Saka

2011

Carbohydrate Research

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Thermal glycosylation and degradation reactions of cellulose (Avicel PH-101) were studied in the presence or absence of alcohols (glycerol, mannitol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, 3-phenoxy-1,2-propanediol, and 1-tetradecanol) under N(2) at 60-280°C. In the presence of glycerol (heating time, 10 min), the reducing ends were converted into glycosides when the temperature of the glycerol was >140°C without the addition of any catalysts. A temperature of 140°C is close to that required for the initiation of thermal polymerization (glycosylation). Although the conversion was only around 20% in the range of 140-180°C, the reactivity increased above 200-240°C where the thermal expansion of cellulose crystals is reported to become significant. Finally, all reducing ends were converted into glycosides at 260°C. Such heterogeneous reactivity likely arose from the lower reactivities of the reducing ends in the crystalline region due to their lower accessibility to glycerol, although the reactivity in the non-crystalline region was similar to that of glucose. Alcohols that have a lower OH/C ratio did not react with the reducing ends, suggesting that the hydrophilicity of the alcohol was critical for the glycosylation reaction to proceed. The glycosylated cellulose samples were found to be significantly stabilized against pyrolytic coloration. The results of neat cellulose pyrolysis indicated that two competitive reactions, thermal glycosylation and degradation, formed a dark-colored substance at the reducing ends while the internal glucose units in the cellulose were comparatively stable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Thermal glycosylation and degradation reactions occurring at the reducing ends of cellulose during low-temperature pyrolysis

Matsuoka

Kawamoto

Saka

2011

Carbohydrate Research

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“…The ingredients of pyrolysis products depend not only on pyrolysis reactor designing, the reaction parameters (such as temperature, residence time, pressure and heating rate), but also on the composition of the biomass used [11,12]. Including our work [13][14][15], studies on the thermochemical conversion of forest and agricultural residues have been previously done by many research groups [16][17][18][19]. Some studies on wheat straw pyrolysis have also been conducted [20][21]13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on pyrolysis of wheat straw residues from ethanol production by solid-state fermentation

Yang

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2008

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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A new biomass, wheat straw residue (WSR) from ethanol production by solid-state fermentation was pyrolyzed in a fixed-bed at different temperatures 250-550 8C for 40 min with vacuum of 5 mmHg. The gas, oil and solid residue from pyrolysis process were investigated. GC analysis indicated that the pyrolyzed non-condensable gases mainly contained CO, CO 2 , H 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 4 and C 2 H 6 . The HPLC analysis showed that glycolic acid (about 70% of water-soluble organic acids) in the oil was a major component. #

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“…There have been many studies on the pyrolysis kinetics of cellulose materials1–13 and poly(ethene) (PE) 14–22. These studies were concerned mostly with the thermal degradation mechanisms of pure cellulose1–7 and of PE 14–19. A number of kinetic models have also been reported to describe the pyrolysis behavior of pure cellulose,8–11 of coated/uncoated printing and writing papers,12, 13 and of PE 20–22.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal degradation of cellulose was investigated for determining the pyrolysis mechanisms, the effects of reaction conditions, and for analyzing the pyrolysis products 1–6. 10, 24–26 For the pyrolysis of real paper, Soares et al 7 compared the pyrolysis products of powder cellulose, Whatman paper, and kraft paper for the reaction in nitrogen environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of tetra pack in municipal solid waste

Chang

2001

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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The pyrolysis of tetra pack in nitrogen was investigated with a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) reaction system. The pyrolysis kinetics experiments for the tetra pack and its main components (kraft paper and low-density poly(ethene) (LDPE)) were carried out at heating rates (b) of 5.2, 12.8, 21.8 K min À1. The results indicated that the one-reaction model and two-reaction model could be used to describe the pyrolysis of LDPE and kraft paper respectively. The total reaction rate of tetra pack can be expressed by the summation of the individual class of LDPE and kraft paper by multiplying the weighting factors. The pyrolysis products experiments were carried out at a constant heating rate of 5.2 K min À1. The gaseous products were collected at room temperature (298 K) and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The residues were collected at some signi®cant pyrolysis reaction temperatures and analyzed by an elemental analyzer (EA) and X-ray powdered diffraction (XRPD). The accumulated masses and the instantaneous concentrations of gaseous products were obtained under the experimental conditions. The major gaseous products included non-hydrocarbons (CO 2 , CO, and H 2 O) and hydrocarbons (C 1±5 ). In the XRPD analysis, the results indicated that pure aluminum foil could be obtained from the ®nal residues. The proposed model may be supported by the pyrolysis mechanisms with product distribution. # 2001 Society of Chemical Industry Keywords: tetra pack; kinetic model; pyrolysis products; recyclingA of pyrolysis reaction (1) of kraft paper,A of pyrolysis reaction (2) of kraft paper,E of pyrolysis reaction (1) of kraft paper,E of pyrolysis reaction (2) of kraft paper,Weighting factor taking account of the decrease in M contributed by the pyrolysis reaction of kraft paper in tetra pack (dimensionless)Weighting factor taking account of the decrease in M contributed by the pyrolysis reaction of LDPE in tetra pack (dimensionless)Weighting factor taking account of the decrease in M contributed by the pyrolysis reaction (1) of kraft paper,Weighting factor taking account of the decrease in M contributed by the pyrolysis reaction (2) of kraft paper,k of pyrolysis reaction (1) of kraft paper = A 1 exp(ÀE 1 /RT),Residual mass fraction at time t or at temperaturen of pyrolysis reaction (1) of kraft paper, n 1 = n k1 (dimensionless) n 2 , n k2 n of pyrolysis reaction (2) of kraft paper, n 2 = n k2 (dimensionless) r Degradation rate = dX/dt (s À1 ) R Universal gas constant = 8.314 Â 10 Volatiles produced by pyrolysis reactions (1) and (2)

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Thermal degradation of cellulose model compounds in inert atmosphere

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Thermal glycosylation and degradation reactions occurring at the reducing ends of cellulose during low-temperature pyrolysis

Thermal glycosylation and degradation reactions occurring at the reducing ends of cellulose during low-temperature pyrolysis

Studies on pyrolysis of wheat straw residues from ethanol production by solid-state fermentation

Pyrolysis of tetra pack in municipal solid waste

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