Thermal degradation of cellulose acetate in presence of bis-phosphoramidates

Gaan, Sabyasachi; Mauclaire, L.; Rupper, Patrick; Salimova, Viktoriya; Tran, Thuy-Tien; Heuberger, Manfred

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2010.10.005

Cited by 71 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…It is encouraging to see that there are some efforts by researchers where the toxicity of new phosphorus based flame retardants has been evaluated and these latter have shown a low toxicity profile [7,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though it is not a general case that all phosphorus compounds are non-toxic, the development of new flame retardants based on phosphorus compounds has shown that they have lower toxicity profiles as compared to halogen-based counterparts [7,8]. In general, the development of any new flame retardant should involve a complete assessment of its performance in material as well as its toxicity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances for Flame Retardancy of Textiles Based on Phosphorus Chemistry

2016

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This paper aims at updating the progress on the phosphorus-based flame retardants specifically designed and developed for fibers and fabrics (particularly referring to cotton, polyester and their blends) over the last five years. Indeed, as clearly depicted by Horrocks in a recent review, the world of flame retardants for textiles is still experiencing some changes that are focused on topics like the improvement of its effectiveness and the replacement of toxic chemical products with counterparts that have low environmental impact and, hence, are more sustainable. In this context, phosphorus-based compounds play a key role and may lead, possibly in combination with silicon-or nitrogen-containing structures, to the design of new, efficient flame retardants for fibers and fabrics. Therefore, this review thoroughly describes the advances and the potentialities offered by the phosphorus-based products recently developed at a lab-scale, highlighting the current limitations, open challenges and some perspectives toward their possible exploitation at a larger scale.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Recent Advances for Flame Retardancy of Textiles Based on Phosphorus Chemistry

2016

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“…This compound was synthesized in one simple step in high yield of 96% (Scheme ), and all the starting materials were available at low cost. In addition, this preparation has been performed previously by a Todd–Atherton reaction of dialkylphosphites with symmetrical diamines in a biphasic system . TEPP can be easily dissolved in most solvents such as MeOH, tetrahydrofuran, CH 3 CN, EtOAc, chloroform (CH 3 Cl), dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2 ), and acetone such as DEPP; it can also dissolve readily in water as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparison of differences in flammability and thermal degradation between cotton fabrics treated with phosphoramidate derivatives

Nguyen

Condon

2014

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The effectiveness of a phosphoramidate tetraethyl piperazine-1,4-diyldiphosphoramidate (TEPP) as a flame retardant on cotton twill fabrics was compared with that of a previously studied diethyl 4-methylpiperazin-1-ylphosphoramidate (DEPP). TEPP was formed in a reaction between two phosphonates and a piperazine then cotton twill fabrics were treated with TEPP at different levels of add-on (2-19 wt%) and characterized using vertical flammability, limiting oxygen index, microscale combustion calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis methods. The results showed better flame retardancy and thermal behavior for TEPP fabrics when compared with DEPP fabrics. When the morphological structure of the formed char from the burned areas was examined by scanning electron microscopy, the results revealed a fairly insignificant difference in the mode of action between the two types of fabric.

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“…Most of these P-N bonded structures, like phosphoramidates, can exhibit condensed-phase or gas-phase action depending on their structures [40,41]. Most of these P-N bonded structures, like phosphoramidates, can exhibit condensed-phase or gas-phase action depending on their structures [40,41].…”

Section: Novel P-n Bonded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%