Thermal Decomposition Performance of CL‐20‐Based Ultraviolet Curing Propellants

Abstract

Photocuring formulas were designed for 3D printing technology used in forming propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics. Thermal performance is an essential part of the comprehensive performance of this kind of formula. In this paper, a formula consisting of epoxy acrylic resin (EA) as binder and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL‐20) as the energetic additive was developed and printed by material extrusion 3D printing technology. The thermal decomposition behavior was investigated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. Furthermore, the decomposition kinetics was calculated and analysed based on Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (KSA) method. In addition, species and contents of gaseous products during decomposition were measured using the DSC‐TG‐FTIR‐MS method. The results from these several techniques were discussed comprehensively. It was shown that the resin binder has great effects on the decomposition of CL‐20. It was found that the interaction between resin and CL‐20 led to two exothermic processes in the decomposition of the compound. Also, there was no overlap in the activation energy between the two processes, with 149.23 kJ/mol for the first process and 164.41 kJ/mol for the second process.

All-Nitrogen Energetic Material Cubic Gauche Polynitrogen: Plasma Synthesis and Thermal Performance

“…Whereas XPS can only be used to characterize the surface of a sample, the entire sample is characterized by thermal analysis; thus, a significantly smaller mass percentage of cg-N is determined by thermal analysis than by XPS. The original exothermic peaks were divided into two peaks based on a Bigaussian function [ 47 ] to determine the ratios of the quantity of heat released by the various components, where the curves with the fitted peaks are presented in Figure 8 b. Comparing the integration areas of the different curves results in an almost 3:2 ratio for the heat released by cg-N to that of NaN 3 with the CNT substrate in an argon gas atmosphere.…”

“…Molecules 2024, 29, x FOR PEER REVIEW 9 of 13 based on a Bigaussian function [47] to determine the ratios of the quantity of heat released by the various components, where the curves with the fitted peaks are presented in Figure 8b. Comparing the integration areas of the different curves results in an almost 3:2 ratio for the heat released by cg-N to that of NaN3 with the CNT substrate in an argon gas atmosphere.…”

Research Progress on Photocurable 3D Printing of Propellants and Explosives

“…LOVA gun propellants were applied in the most mature photocuring 3D printing technology. Studies from foreign institutions have found that low-solid-content propellants and explosives products were prepared with photocuring solidification methods, but as the solid content is improved, the photocuring solidification method is no longer applicable [58] .…”