Thermal decomposition of barium citrate

TGA–FTIR study of the thermal and SBA-15-catalytic pyrolysis of potassium citrate under nitrogen and air atmospheres

“…Two processes are observed in the range of 190-270 o C, with peak temperatures of 218 o C and 254 o C, respectively. According to Srivastava et al [24], this could be attributed to the formation of different organic salts through decarboxylation and dehydration of anhydrous citrate. These salts could be those corresponding to the organic acids proposed by Moldoveanu [26] as products from citric acid pyrolysis (potassium aconitates and citraconates), even though, as stated previously, the mechanism of decomposition is very complex and involves many chemical reactions.…”

“…However, above 320 o C, the processes involved in the decomposition in an air atmosphere take place at lower temperatures than in an N 2 atmosphere. The bibliography describes, for different citrate salts, three or four decomposition stages [22][23][24], whose assignment is not always carried out. It is interesting to observe that there are no DTG-peaks at temperatures lower than 190 o C. Thus, it can be concluded that adsorbed moisture, as well as hydration water are lost during the treatment undergone by the samples prior to the TGA-FTIR analysis.…”

“…Nevertheless, the pyrolytic reactions of potassium citrate have not been extensively studied. The pyrolysis of citric acid and other citrate salts has been described [22][23][24][25], in general involving three or four decomposition stages. Moldoveanu [26] has reported the mechanisms and products of the pyrolysis of citric acid, stating that when heated at low temperatures and for a longer time yields aconitic acid; further heating leads to itaconic anhydride, which isomerizes into citraconic anhydride.…”

More Sustainable Chemical Activation Strategies for the Production of Porous Carbons

“…During the first steps of the thermal treatment (<300 °C) of an organic salt, three important processes occur: i) melting of the raw salt (most of the organic salts melt at temperatures below 300 °C), ii) dehydration and decarboxylation reactions [111,112] and iii) formation of the inorganic species (carbonates, sulfates, or oxides). At this point, the melted semi‐carbonized mass is covering the inorganic nanoparticles, which ensures very close contact between the carbonaceous matter and the inorganic particles that act as activation agents.…”

Testing of organic waste surrogate materials in support of the Hanford organic tank program. Final report

“…citrates, likewise form the respective salts of these two acids, during thermal decomposition(23). Sodiumcitrate probably decomposes in similar fashion.…”