Thermal creep analysis of noble metal alloys for the ceramic‐fused‐to‐metal technique

Metal‐Ceramic Alloys in Dentistry: A Review

“…Recently, some manufacturers have added 1% to 2% of a noble metal such as gold and/or platinum in an attempt to improve the Pd–Co alloy's grain structure 5 . The chief disadvantage of Pd–Co alloys is their tendency to form a dark oxide layer, 16 which can compromise porcelain esthetics 23 . In addition, it has been reported that Pd–Co alloys have lower porcelain bond strengths than do Pd–Cu alloys 24 …”