“…[
38 ] Nevertheless, the complete photonic phase diagram characterizing this transition remains unclear, and this limits the possibility of designing various topological transport properties. [
4,39–42 ] It is noteworthy that although both are topologically protected, the valley topological effect intrinsically manifests as valley‐locked interface states, while the Chern topological effect always manifests as unidirectional chiral edge states. The former can be characterized by nonzero quantized local valley‐Chern numbers for K (K′) valleys, i.e.,
, whereas Chern numbers of complete bands are always zero, i.e., C = 0.…”