Thermal conductivity of low density carbon aerogels

Thermal transport in nano-porous insulation of aerogel: Factors, models and outlook

“…Such a structure generates large number of nano-pores, so that the mean free path of the gas molecules filled in the material is reduced significantly and the heat transfer among the gas molecules is weakened seriously. Besides, when the heat is transported via the solid phase, the intricate skeleton structure of the solid phase of nano-porous insulation material can increase the path length of the heat flux, which helps to produce large thermal resistance and guarantee ultra low thermal conductivity for nano-porous insulation of aerogel [4,13,14]. Due to extremely complicated internal structures of nano-porous material, it is quite difficult to make detailed analysis on the heat-transfer mechanism and obtain accurate predictions of aerogel thermal conductivity, which has brought difficulty to the design of nano-porous thermal insulation materials.…”

Fundamental properties of high-quality carbon nanofoam: from low to high density

“…Among these are carbon aerogels [41–43], amorphous carbon nanoparticles [44–45], nanoporous carbons [46], carbon nanotube scaffolds [47], and carbon foams [48–49]. The densities of these carbon materials are significantly lower compared to “heavy carbons” such as pristine graphite (2.26 g·cm −3 ), CVD grown carbon films (2.14 g·cm −3 [50]), or carbon nanotube forests (1.6 to 0.38 g·cm −3 [51]).…”

Ultralight carbon nanofoam from naphtalene-mediated hydrothermal sucrose carbonization

“…Among these are carbon aerogels [49][50][51], nanoporous carbons [52], amorphous carbon nanoparticles [53,54], carbon nanotube scaffolds [55], and carbon foams [56,57]. The densities of these carbon materials are significantly different from 'heavy carbons' such as pristine graphite (2.26 g·cm −3 ), DVD grown carbon films (2.14 g·cm −3 [58]), or carbon nanotube forests (1.6 to 0.38 g·cm −3 [59]).…”