Thermal conductivities of frozen and unfrozen soils at three project sites in northern Manitoba

Kurz, David; Alfaro, Marolo C.; Graham, J.

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.04.007

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The snowmelt from this region contributes to runoff supplying snowmelt water to lakes, reservoirs, rivers and wetlands [34]. The northern region of the catchment is mostly dominated by permafrost and frozen soil, which greatly influences the runoff with the formation of wetland due to continuous ponding [35][36][37]. Frozen soil has low infiltration capacity, which allows for the retention of snowmelt water on the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Variant Sensitivity Analysis of Hydrological Model Parameters in a Cold Region Using Flow Signatures

Bajracharya

Awoye

Stadnyk

et al. 2020

Water

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The complex terrain, seasonality, and cold region hydrology of the Nelson Churchill River Basin (NCRB) presents a formidable challenge for hydrological modeling, which complicates the calibration of model parameters. Seasonality leads to different hydrological processes dominating at different times of the year, which translates to time variant sensitivity in model parameters. In this study, Hydrological Predictions for the Environment model (HYPE) is set up in the NCRB to analyze the time variant sensitivity analysis (TVSA) of model parameters using a Global Sensitivity Analysis technique known as Variogram Analysis of Response Surfaces (VARS). TVSA can identify parameters that are highly influential in a short period but relatively uninfluential over the whole simulation period. TVSA is generally effective in identifying model’s sensitivity to event-based parameters related to cold region processes such as snowmelt and frozen soil. This can guide event-based calibration, useful for operational flood forecasting. In contrast to residual based metrics, flow signatures, specifically the slope of the mid-segment of the flow duration curve, allows VARS to detect the influential parameters throughout the timescale of analysis. The results are beneficial for the calibration process in complex and multi-dimensional models by targeting the informative parameters, which are associated with the cold region hydrological processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Variant Sensitivity Analysis of Hydrological Model Parameters in a Cold Region Using Flow Signatures

Bajracharya

Awoye

Stadnyk

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Chuvilin & Bukhanov (2019) conducted an experimental study to determine the thermal conductivity of frozen soil at gas pressure below equilibrium using a KD-2 needle probe which caused a little impact on the soil samples in the study area. Kurz et al (2017) presented experimental laboratory results to estimate the thermal conductivity of frozen and unfrozen soil samples of clay, silt, and peat subjected to seasonal freezing and thawing at the study area. Thermal conductivity values obtained from empirical methods were compared with the value obtained from a thermal probe in the laboratory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat and water flux modeling in an earth dam

Kumar

Sahu

Kumar

2021

Water Science and Technology

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This study aims to identify the water flux in an earth dam using heat flux due to convection. Sixteen earth dams model was constructed in a hydraulic flume by varyinggeometrical and flow input parameters to identify heat and water flux.Homogeneous as well was earth dam with the clay core was built-in a hydraulic flume. Temperature measurements were doneto calculate heat flux in the experimental model. A finite element model of the earth dam using Seep/w was developed to obtain water flux,while temp/wwas to obtain heat flux. These results were used as input in Temp/w and Seep/w in Geostudio 2020. Significant reduction of the heat and water fluxwas seen while comparing the homogeneous models with central impervious core models. An increase in the heat and water flux was observed on increasing the downstream filter's length, longitudinal slope,and vice versa with the upstream slope and the thickness of the clay core. Comparing fluxesina homogeneous dam model (model 1) with the clay core model (model 9) with top width 2.4 m and bottom width 18 m in model 9, both water flux and heat flux were reduced78.46%. While comparing it with model 10, with bottom core width of 18 m and top core width of 1.9 m, both water flux and heat flux reduced by 77.72%. Heat flux measurements were found a valuable alternative to detecting water flux and seepage in an earth dam at a reduced cost.

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“…Groundwater flow paths and fluxes can be highly controlled by permafrost thaw (Walvoord et al ). Current and projected permafrost degradation under highway embankments, and other infrastructure projects, is also a continuing problem (Batenipour et al ; Flynn et al ; Mu et al ; Kurz et al ). A warming of approximately 0.3 °C per decade of the shallow permafrost in the northern and central Mackenzie region of the Northwest Territories (NWT) has taken place since the 1980s, which is tied to an increase in the mean annual air temperature (Beilman and Robinson ; Smith et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient and Transition Factors in Modeling Permafrost Thaw and Groundwater Flow

Langford

Schincariol²,

Nagare³

et al. 2019

Groundwater

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Permafrost covers approximately 24% of the Northern Hemisphere, and much of it is degrading, which causes infrastructure failures and ecosystem transitions. Understanding groundwater and heat flow processes in permafrost environments is challenging due to spatially and temporarily varying hydraulic connections between water above and below the near‐surface discontinuous frozen zone. To characterize the transitional period of permafrost degradation, a three‐dimensional model of a permafrost plateau that includes the supra‐permafrost zone and surrounding wetlands was developed. The model is based on the Scotty Creek basin in the Northwest Territories, Canada. FEFLOW groundwater flow and heat transport modeling software is used in conjunction with the piFreeze plug‐in, to account for phase changes between ice and water. The Simultaneous Heat and Water (SHAW) flow model is used to calculate ground temperatures and surface water balance, which are then used as FEFLOW boundary conditions. As simulating actual permafrost evolution would require hundreds of years of climate variations over an evolving landscape, whose geomorphic features are unknown, methodologies for developing permafrost initial conditions for transient simulations were investigated. It was found that a model initialized with a transient spin‐up methodology, that includes an unfrozen layer between the permafrost table and ground surface, yields better results than with steady‐state permafrost initial conditions. This study also demonstrates the critical role that variations in land surface and permafrost table microtopography, along with talik development, play in permafrost degradation. Modeling permafrost dynamics will allow for the testing of remedial measures to stabilize permafrost in high value infrastructure environments.

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Thermal conductivities of frozen and unfrozen soils at three project sites in northern Manitoba

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Time Variant Sensitivity Analysis of Hydrological Model Parameters in a Cold Region Using Flow Signatures

Time Variant Sensitivity Analysis of Hydrological Model Parameters in a Cold Region Using Flow Signatures

Heat and water flux modeling in an earth dam

Transient and Transition Factors in Modeling Permafrost Thaw and Groundwater Flow

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