Thermal Characterization <i>In Vitro</i> of Human Nail: Photoacoustic Study of the Aging Process

Dias, Daniele Toniolo; Steimacher, A.; Bento, A. C.; Medina, A. N.; Baesso, Ilenia

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00074.x

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our calculations took into account nail water content of 18% relative to dry weight, according to methods reported by Venkat Rao (2010). Nail density value of 1.27 g/cm 3 was taken from Dias et al (2007).…”

Section: Methods Of Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of dose conversion factors for doses in the fingernails to organ doses at external gamma irradiation in air

Khailov

Ivannikov

Скворцов

et al. 2015

Radiation Measurements

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Absorbed doses to fingernails and organs were calculated for a set of homogenous external gamma-ray irradiation geometries in air. The doses were obtained by stochastic modeling of the ionizing particle transport (Monte Carlo method) for a mathematical human phantom with arms and hands placed loosely along the sides of the body. The resulting dose conversion factors for absorbed doses in fingernails can be used to assess the dose distribution and magnitude in practical dose reconstruction problems. For purposes of estimating dose in a large population exposed to radiation in order to triage people for treatment of acute radiation syndrome, the calculated data for a range of energies having a width of from 0.05 to 3.5 MeV were used to convert absorbed doses in fingernails to corresponding doses in organs and the whole body as well as the effective dose. Doses were assessed based on assumed rates of radioactive fallout at different time periods following a nuclear explosion.

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Section: Methods Of Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of dose conversion factors for doses in the fingernails to organ doses at external gamma irradiation in air

Khailov

Ivannikov

Скворцов

et al. 2015

Radiation Measurements

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“…Ageing is known to influence the nail plate, which grows at a slower rate [12] and becomes thicker, less smooth and more longitudinally ridged [13]. In addition, nail cells are larger [14] and the nail plate's thermal diffusivity, trans-onycheal water loss and composition, of for example, lipids, calcium and magnesium change upon aging [15][16][17][18][19][20]. This study suggests that nail plates also become flatter with age, after years of use.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Summary Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transverse fingernail curvature in adults: a quantitative evaluation and the influence of gender, age, and hand size and dominance

Murdan

2011

International Journal of Cosmetic Science

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2 SYNOPSISThe nail plate's convex shape in both the longitudinal and transverse directions is thought to contribute to its mechanical rigidity, and overcurvature can be a symptom of local and/or systemic disorders. While a number of methods to measure the longitudinal nail curvature have been proposed, evaluation of the transverse nail curvature has been largely limited to visual estimation of overcurved nail plates. The aim of this study was therefore to measure the transverse curvature of healthy adult fingernail plates, and thereby provide a baseline range for 'normal curved' nail plates. In addition, the influence of gender, age, hand size and hand dominance on the transverse fingernail curvature was investigated. The transverse fingernail curvature in 92 males and 90 females (aged 21-90 years) was measured using a set of radius gauges, and the nail plate curvature was expressed as the radius of a circle whose curve most closely approximated that of the nail plate. ANOVA was used to investigate the influence of digit nature on curvature, while general linear model was used to assess the influence of gender, age, and hand length, breadth and dominance on transverse nail curvature. Subsequently, the influence of hand dominance and age were further examined by paired t test and ANOVA respectively. In this paper, baseline values for the transverse nailplate curvature of the thumb, index, and middle, ring and little fingers are presented. The thumbnail is the flattest, followed jointly by the index and middle fingernails, then the ring fingernail and finally the little fingernail. Transverse nail curvature is influenced by a person's gender, age, hand dominance and hand width, but not by hand length. Thus, nails are flatter in the dominant hand, in males, in older individuals, and in those with wider hands.

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“…There is little information on emissivity values for human nails although there are studies that show human skin and nails have similar thermal diffusivity [19,24]. Since the temperature under the nailbed is greatly influenced by AVAs’ activity and is a crucial thermoregulatory element in the regulation of skin temperature [25], it was decided to include the nail in the measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in peripheral rewarming after cold stress among 255 healthy Norwegian army conscripts assessed by dynamic infrared thermography

Norheim

Borud

Wilsgaard

et al. 2018

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Exposure to cold climate is an inevitable consequence of military training in Norway. Adequate peripheral microcirculation in the extremities is important to maintain temperature, and to protect against freezing cold injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the variability in skin rewarming ability. The study subjects consisted of 260 healthy Norwegian army conscripts, following a mild cold provocation test (hands immersed in 20°C water for 1 min) using dynamic infrared thermography (DIRT). Thermal images were obtained to investigate any differences in skin rewarming ability of the hand (fingers). DIRT took place under standardised and stable study conditions. Conscripts were characterised as either slow, intermediate or rapid rewarmers. While 90% could recover, partially or completely, within 4 min to the skin temperature values before the provocation test, 10% showed a slow rewarming pattern. In the slow rewarmers, the rewarming ability was correlated with a low average temperature of the hands prior to the cooling test. The healthy young army conscripts in this study showed a large variability in their rewarming ability following a standardised mild cold provocation test.

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Thermal Characterization In Vitro of Human Nail: Photoacoustic Study of the Aging Process

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Calculation of dose conversion factors for doses in the fingernails to organ doses at external gamma irradiation in air

Calculation of dose conversion factors for doses in the fingernails to organ doses at external gamma irradiation in air

Transverse fingernail curvature in adults: a quantitative evaluation and the influence of gender, age, and hand size and dominance

Variability in peripheral rewarming after cold stress among 255 healthy Norwegian army conscripts assessed by dynamic infrared thermography

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