Thermal characteristics and flame retardance behavior of phosphoric acid-containing poly(methacrylates) synthesized by RAFT polymerization

Hajiali, Faezeh; Tajbakhsh, Saeid; Marić, Milan

doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101618

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This discrepancy can be probably explained by the steric hindrance of the bulky isobornyl group, thus lowering the reactivity of IBOMA monomer when homopolymerization takes place. However, when IBOMA was copolymerized via the RAFT method with other methacrylic monomers, such a deviation was not observed [ 48 ]. Another possible explanation can be connected with the utilization of PMMA standards for GPC calibration and some structural difference between PIBOMA and PMMA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Employing Poly(isobornyl methacrylate) (PIBOMA) as High Tg Thermoplastic Polymer

et al. 2021

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A set of poly(isobornyl methacrylate)s (PIBOMA) having molar mass in the range of 26,000–283,000 g mol−1 was prepared either via RAFT process or using free radical polymerization. These linear polymers demonstrated high glass transition temperatures (Tg up to 201 °C) and thermal stability (Tonset up to 230 °C). They were further applied as reinforcing agents in the preparation of the vulcanized rubber compositions based on poly(styrene butadiene rubber) (SBR). The influence of the PIBOMA content and molar mass on the cure characteristics, rheological and mechanical properties of rubber compounds were studied in detail. Moving die rheometry revealed that all rubber compounds filled with PIBOMA demonstrated higher torque increase values ΔS in comparison with rubber compositions without filler, independent of PIBOMA content or molar mass, thus confirming its reinforcing effect. Reinforcement via PIBOMA addition was also observed for vulcanized rubbers in the viscoelastic region and the rubbery plateau, i.e. from −20 to 180 °C, by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Notably, while at temperatures above ~125 °C, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) rapidly loses its ability to provide reinforcement due to softening/melting, all PIBOMA resins maintained their ability to reinforce rubber matrix up to 180 °C. For rubber compositions containing 20 phr of PIBOMA, both tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing PIBOMA molecular weight. In summary, PIBOMA, with its outstanding high Tg among known poly(methacrylates), may be used in the preparation of advanced high-stiffness rubber compositions, where it provides reinforcement above 120 °C and gives properties appropriate for a range of applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Employing Poly(isobornyl methacrylate) (PIBOMA) as High Tg Thermoplastic Polymer

et al. 2021

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“…The higher T 5% and T max indicated the better thermal stability of these phosphorous‐containing PAN copolymers than common PAN. Furthermore, it is generally accepted that the char formation during the combustion process is directly related to the flame retardance of the polymer 20–22 . The amounts of char and incombustible gas formed in thermal decomposition are key quantitative measures for flame resistance 23 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it is generally accepted that the char formation during the combustion process is directly related to the flame retardance of the polymer. [20][21][22] The amounts of char and incombustible gas formed in thermal decomposition are key quantitative measures for flame resistance. 23 In this case, the char yield of the PAN copolymer increased to 67.1% with further addition of DMVP, which confirmed the possible enhancement on the flame retardance of PAN copolymers by acting as the physical barriers inhibiting the release of combustible volatiles, and the invasion of both heat and oxygen.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame retardance enhancement of polyacrylonitrile with dimethyl vinylphosphonate

Dong

Zhou

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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To obtain a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) material with highly thermal stability and flame retardance properties, a novel P(AN‐co‐DMVP) copolymers were successfully synthesized by randomly copolymerization. According to thermogravimetry analysis, it revealed that incorporating dimethyl vinylphosphonate (DMVP) into the PAN chains can perform outstanding thermal stability. Furthermore, the limiting oxygen index increased from 18.6% to 30.0% with addition of 22.6 wt% DMVP. The results of cone calorimetry tests certified that the peak‐heat release peak and total heat release of P(AN‐co‐DMVP22.6) were remarkably dropped by 70% and 33%, respectively, suggesting excellent flame retardance. The relationship between copolymer structures and flame‐retardant performance was systematically investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis‐Fourier transform infrared and Pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A comprehensive flame‐retardant mechanism has been proposed that DMVP plays a role in both the gaseous phase and the condensed phase.

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“…To date, a large number of nanofillers, including carbon materials, 4 , 5 phosphoric compounds, 6 − 9 siliceous compounds, 10 − 13 and minerals, 14 − 16 have been used to improve both thermal and mechanical properties of polymers. Nanoadditives can be applied at much lower concentrations (<10 wt %) compared to traditional fillers with markedly observed enhancement in mechanical properties, conductivity, and solvent resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, a large number of nanofillers, including carbon materials, , phosphoric compounds, − siliceous compounds, − and minerals, − have been used to improve both thermal and mechanical properties of polymers. Nanoadditives can be applied at much lower concentrations (<10 wt %) compared to traditional fillers with markedly observed enhancement in mechanical properties, conductivity, and solvent resistance. , This is due to the “nano-effect” causing changes in the local properties of the matrix and the small distances between nanofillers particles even at low mass loadings along with an extremely high surface area of nanofillers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxidized Block and Statistical Copolymers Reinforced by Organophosphorus–Titanium–Silicon Hybrid Nanoparticles: Morphology and Thermal and Mechanical Properties

2021

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Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and a mixture of alkyl methacrylates (average chain length of 13 carbons; termed C13MA; derived from vegetable oils) were copolymerized by nitroxide-mediated polymerization to form epoxidized statistical and block copolymers with similar compositions ( F GMA ∼0.8), which were further cross-linked by a bio-based diamine. Hybrid plate-like nanoparticles containing organophosphorus–titanium–silicon (PTS) with an average size of ∼130 nm and high decomposition temperature (485 °C) were synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction to serve as additives to simultaneously enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of the blend. Nanocomposites filled with PTS were prepared at different filler-loading levels (0.5, 2, 4 wt %). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the cured block copolymer displayed reaction-induced macrophase-separated domains. TEM also showed an effective dispersion of PTS hybrids in the matrix without intense agglomeration. Thermogravimetric analysis at different heating rates revealed the activation energy of poly (GMA- stat -C13MA) at maximum decomposition increased from 143.5 to 327.2 kJ mol –1 with 4 wt % PTS. Decomposition temperature and char residue improved 12 °C and ∼7 wt %, respectively, and T g increased 12 °C by adding 4 wt % PTS. Targeting various PTS concentrations enabled tuning of the tensile modulus (up to 75%), tensile strength (up to 46%), and storage modulus in both glassy state (up to 59%) and rubbery plateau regions (up to 88%). Oscillatory frequency sweeps indicated that PTS makes the storage modulus frequency dependent, suggesting that the inclusion of the nanoparticles alters the relaxation of the surrounding matrix polymer.

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Thermal characteristics and flame retardance behavior of phosphoric acid-containing poly(methacrylates) synthesized by RAFT polymerization

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Reinforcement of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Employing Poly(isobornyl methacrylate) (PIBOMA) as High Tg Thermoplastic Polymer

Reinforcement of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Employing Poly(isobornyl methacrylate) (PIBOMA) as High Tg Thermoplastic Polymer

Flame retardance enhancement of polyacrylonitrile with dimethyl vinylphosphonate

Epoxidized Block and Statistical Copolymers Reinforced by Organophosphorus–Titanium–Silicon Hybrid Nanoparticles: Morphology and Thermal and Mechanical Properties

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