Thermal behavior of renewable diesel from sugar cane, biodiesel, fossil diesel and their blends

Conconi, Charles C; Crnkovic, Paula Manoel

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.03.037

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For the renewable energy supply, 6% comes from clean energy (zero emission energy such as solar, wind, hydro, wave, etc.) and 10% from bioenergy (i.e., biomass and biodiesel) [3,4]. Nowadays, greenhouse gas emissions are one of the major concerns throughout the globe because of the increasing evidence of the adverse effects of global warming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel from Mandarin Seed Oil: A Surprising Source of Alternative Fuel

Azad

2017

Energies

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Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) is one of the most popular fruits in tropical and sub-tropical countries around the world. It contains about 22-34 seeds per fruit. This study investigated the potential of non-edible mandarin seed oil as an alternative fuel in Australia. The seeds were prepared after drying in the oven for 20 h to attain an optimum moisture content of around 13.22%. The crude oil was extracted from the crushed seed using 98% n-hexane solution. The biodiesel conversion reaction (transesterification) was designed according to the acid value (mg KOH/g) of the crude oil. The study also critically examined the effect of various reaction parameters (such as effect of methanol: oil molar ratio, % of catalyst concentration, etc.) on the biodiesel conversion yield. After successful conversion of the bio-oil into biodiesel, the physio-chemical fuel properties of the virgin biodiesel were measured according to relevant ASTM standards and compared with ultra-low sulphur diesel (ULSD) and standard biodiesel ASTM D6751. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were analysed by gas chromatography (GC) using the EN 14103 standard. The behaviour of the biodiesel (variation of density and kinematic viscosity) at various temperatures (10-40 • C) was obtained and compared with that of diesel fuel. Finally, mass and energy balances were conducted for both the oil extraction and biodiesel conversion processes to analyse the total process losses of the system. The study found 49.23 wt % oil yield from mandarin seed and 96.82% conversion efficiency for converting oil to biodiesel using the designated transesterification reaction. The GC test identified eleven FAMEs. The biodiesel mainly contains palmitic acid (C16:0) 26.80 vol %, stearic acid (C18:0) 4.93 vol %, oleic acid (C18:1) 21.43 vol % (including cis. and trans.), linoleic acid (C18:2) 4.07 vol %, and less than one percent each of other fatty acids. It is an important source of energy because it has a higher heating value of 41.446 MJ/kg which is close to ULSD (45.665 MJ/kg). In mass and energy balances, 49.23% mass was recovered as crude bio-oil and 84.48% energy was recovered as biodiesel from the total biomass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel from Mandarin Seed Oil: A Surprising Source of Alternative Fuel

Azad

2017

Energies

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“…and factors related to the engine design: compression, injection time, bore, stroke, etc. [2] e [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Nox and Co Emissions and Activation Energy of Renewable Fuels

Conconi¹,

Crnkovicr²

2017

Blucher Engineering Proceedings

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Biofuels have been widely used in conventional Diesel engines to replace, partially or totally, by fossil diesel. However, the use of an innovative fuel should be evaluated and an important feature to be considered is the ignition delay of the combustion process. Ignition delay can be correlated with activation energy (Ea) and greatly affects the performance of the engine, including pollutant emissions. This study presents the determination of activation energy of three pure fuels -farnesane, biodiesel and fossil fuel -and their blends. In addition, the correlation between Ea and NOx and CO emissions were established. Gases emissions were generated in the OM 926 LA CONAMA p7/EURO 5 diesel engine according to the European Stationary Cicle (ESC). Activation energies were determined by means of thermogravimetric experiments and the mathematic model free-kinetics. Our results indicate that when biodiesel is added to the blend with fossil Diesel, both activation energy values and NOx emission increase, but no direct correlation between Ea and CO emissions was observed. A contrary behavior was observed with farnesane in the blend, i.e., its addition in the fossil Diesel decreases both activation energy and NOx and CO emissions.

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“…Ignition delay, the interval between the start of fuel injection into the chamber and the start of combustion, is commonly used to quantify the fuel ignition quality [17,18]. It is one of the important features for diesel engines (compression ignition engines).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is one of the important features for diesel engines (compression ignition engines). Ignition delay is inversely proportional to cetane number, a specification representing fuel ignition quality as requested in ASTM D 613 and EN 5165 [17]. Ignition delay is composed of a physical delay (early stage of the pre-ignition) and a chemical delay (last stage of the pre-ignition).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ignition delay is composed of a physical delay (early stage of the pre-ignition) and a chemical delay (last stage of the pre-ignition). A long ignition delay could cause the incomplete combustion and accumulation of unburned fuel which would remain in the combustion chamber, and subsequently result in abnormal stress, mechanical damage, and power loss (so called knocking) [17]. The long ignition delay of water fuel emulsion was reported to have negative effect on CO emission reduction due to the incomplete combustion [1,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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