Thermal behavior of new oxidizer ammonium dinitramide

Matsunaga, Hiroki; Habu, Hiroto; Miyake, Akira

doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2441-0

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The coating peak around 130 • C indicates the decomposition of the dinitramide ion to produce ammonium nitrate and N 2 O. The second peak, which is minor peak compared to the first, indicates decomposition of ammonium nitrate [33]. All of our samples exhibit the similar trend of having two peaks.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 59%

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Prilling and Coating of Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN) Solid Green Propellant in Toluene Mixture Using Ultrasound Sonication

2018

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Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN) in its generic form has a long needle shaped structure, which hinders higher solid loading. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to optimize its crystal morphology into octagonal shapes. Moreover, the low critical humidity level of ADN renders it unusable in a humid climate. Hence, encapsulation with a hydrophobic polymer is necessary. In the present work, ADN was synthesized by nitration of potassium sulfamate with mixed acid nitration. The product was then mixed with toluene, graphene, citryl ammonium butyl, Cab-o-sil, and coating polymer (Polystyrene or HTPB) and treated with ultrasound to obtain semi-spherical ADN-coated particles. The method offers a reduction in operating temperature and elimination of ADN melting in the shape-altering process. In addition, the ADN product has a similar particle size and thermal stability compared to those in a conventional ADN melt-prilling method. The ADN product investigated under SEM confirms the particle morphological change from long needles into semi-spherical shapes. The particle size obtained, in the micrometer range, is ideal for higher theoretical maximum density. Furthermore, the ultrasound-treated ADN particles show significant reduction in moisture absorption, from 68% to 16% at 65% relative humidity. The DSC result shows no degradation of thermal stability of the coated particles.

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Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Pristine and prilled ADN particles were reported to have two peaks in the range of 130 to 220 °C [32,33]. The first peak around 130 °C indicates the decomposition of the dinitramide ion to produce ammonium nitrate and N2O.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prilling and Coating of Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN) Solid Green Propellant in Toluene Mixture Using Ultrasound Sonication

2018

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“…[47] N 2ðgÞ þ3H 2 Ammonia production using renewable intermittent energy is technically feasible with current technologies. [48,49] Moreover,v arious ammonia-derived nitrogen-based fuels have been previously suggested, such as:A Na nd AN-based compositions, [50][51][52][53][54][55][56] aqueous hydroxylammonium nitrate, [57,58] ammonium dinitramide, [59][60][61][62] and aqueous AN with ammonium hydroxide or urea. [14] While the methanol economy addresses both the energy and the broad chemical sectors, [63,64] …”

Section: The Nitrogen Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen‐Based Fuels: A Power‐to‐Fuel‐to‐Power Analysis

Dana

Elishav

Bardow³

et al. 2016

Angew Chem Int Ed

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“…They subsequently proposed various condensed phase combustion models [6,7]. The present authors have studied the thermal decomposition and combustion mechanisms for AN/carbon mixtures [8][9][10][11] and ammonium dinitramide [12,13] and determined that sustainable combustion is associated with exothermic decomposition of the condensed phase [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal decomposition of molten ammonium nitrate (AN)

Izato

Miyake

2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Raman spectra of ammonium nitrate (AN) above its melting point of 443 K and decomposition temperature of 533 K were acquired, and the thermal properties of AN were assessed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) so as to obtain a better understanding of the condensed phase decomposition. The Raman spectra of molten AN at both 443 and 533 K exhibited a strong peak at 1043 cm -1 , assigned to the m 1 vibrational stretching mode of the NO 3 -group, and a 710 cm -1 peak attributed to the d 4 bending mode of the NO 3 -group, whereas no peak was observed at approximately 940 cm -1 due to the O 0 -NO 2 stretching mode of HNO 3 . Chemical equilibrium calculations based on the reaction NO 3 -? NH 4 ? HNO 3 ? NH 3 demonstrated that the concentration of HNO 3 gradually increases with temperature, although the HNO 3 to NO 3 -ratio was still only approximately 0.0034, even at 533 K. Thus, molten AN was found to contain primarily NO 3 -and only a minor amount of liquid HNO 3 over the temperature range analyzed. The heat flow associated with condensed phase decomposition was simulated based on the assumption that the decomposition rate of AN is given by ÀdC AN =dt ¼ 10 9:4 exp À125520=RT ð Þ C NH þ 4 C HNO 3 and that C NH þ 4 and C HNO 3 are constant due to chemical equilibrium. The heat flow curves thus calculated were in good agreement with the experimental DSC data acquired at 5.1 MPa.

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Thermal behavior of new oxidizer ammonium dinitramide

Cited by 35 publications

References 24 publications

Prilling and Coating of Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN) Solid Green Propellant in Toluene Mixture Using Ultrasound Sonication

Prilling and Coating of Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN) Solid Green Propellant in Toluene Mixture Using Ultrasound Sonication

Nitrogen‐Based Fuels: A Power‐to‐Fuel‐to‐Power Analysis

Thermal decomposition of molten ammonium nitrate (AN)

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