Thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of Formex-bonded explosives containing different cyclic nitramines

Yan, Qi‐Long; Zeman, Svatopluk; Šelešovský, Jakub; Svoboda, Roman; Elbeih, Ahmed

doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2492-2

Cited by 53 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Based on this theory, the plots for title compounds are obtained in Fig.6 and compared with different groups of other energetic materials including nitramines, nitric esters and aromatic nitrocompounds based on data listed in Table 4. There are some deviations for HMX and its PBXs due to large errors during calculation of kinetic parameters, because HMX is highly volatile and the decomposition processes depend greatly on the heating rate [46][47][48][49] . It can also be noticed that slope (ξ) for nitric esters is larger than that of nitramine based materials.…”

Section: Kinetic Compensation Effects For Rate-limiting Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multistep Thermolysis Mechanisms of Azido-s-triazine Derivatives and Kinetic Compensation Effects for the Rate-Limiting Processes

et al. 2015

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The decomposition kinetics and mechanisms of 2-amino-4,6,-diazido-s-triazine and its derivatives have been investigated using TG techniques and quantum chemical calculations. The kinetic compensation effect for their rate-limiting steps are found, which is compared with some other group of materials. It has been found that the activation energy of DAAT is about 99.7 kJ.mol -1 , which is much lower than those of the first decomposition steps of its analogues. The activation energy of the first step of DANT is much higher than the second one, while the third and fourth ones have almost the same activation energy (127.2 kJ.mol -1 ). The decomposition of DAAT does not follow any ideal model due to strong interaction of overlapped reactions. All four decomposition steps of DANT as well as the first step of TAHT follow the same A2 model. The first two steps of TANDAzT decomposition are controlled by a "phase boundary controlled" mechanism, while the third and fourth steps roughly follow a "two-dimensional diffusion" model. It has been found that the first step of DANT decomposition is featured by scission of NH-NO2 bond via HONO elimination, which is very similar to nitramine decomposition. Decomposition of DAAT and DANT are featured by azido group scission, and the latter is greatly affected by elimination of HONO. As a comparison, the rate-limiting decomposition step of nitramine is featured by the bond rupture of N-NO2, while it is O-NO2 for nitric esters and C-NO2 for aromatic nitrocompounds, following on different kinetic compensation lines. The rate-limiting steps for involved materials are scission of azido group.Under the effect of the other function groups, the isokinetic temperatures for azido group scission are almost identical while their reaction rates are quite different.

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Section: Kinetic Compensation Effects For Rate-limiting Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natramines and their PBXs[46][47][48][49] Nitric esters[50] Tetrazole based compounds[52] Aromatic nitrocompounds [62] Azido triazine derivates (this paper) Ln (A) / min -1…”

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confidence: 99%

Multistep Thermolysis Mechanisms of Azido-s-triazine Derivatives and Kinetic Compensation Effects for the Rate-Limiting Processes

et al. 2015

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“…Unlike the ASTM E698 method, where the determination of E a is given by the actual physical essence of the decomposition process (maximum of the heat release rate is driven entirely by the fundamental decomposition mechanism), which in addition is almost independent of the experimental conditions, the evaluation according to the Starink and KAS methods is heavily dependent on the actual shape of the peak and baseline approximation method (due to the purely mathematical calculation of a) [32]. Therefore, correspondingly, the results of the both methods may be largely influenced by every possible change in experimental conditions.…”

Section: Thermal Decomposition Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal decomposition and kinetics studies on the poly (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate–2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Thermal stability and decomposition kinetics of two energetic binders: poly (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate) (PDNPA) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate-2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer (DNPA/DNBA) were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques under nitrogen atmosphere. The results of TG analysis revealed that the mass loss about 60 % of two energetic binders occurs in the temperature ranges of 200-280°C. Meanwhile, the decomposition temperature of PDNPA and DNPA/DNBA started at 183 and 198°C, respectively. The decomposition kinetics of two energetic binders were studied by non-isothermal DSC under various heating rates (2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5°C min -1 ). The kinetic parameters for thermal decomposition of the both binders, such as activation energy and frequency factor, were obtained by ASTM E698, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Starink methods. The activation energy values obtained by KAS and Starink methods increase with the degree of conversion (a). The activation energy of thermal decomposition at a = 0.1 obtained by Starink and KAS methods for the PDNPA and DNPA/DNBA are 123.23 ± 0.13 and 127.71 ± 0.12 kJ mol -1 , respectively. The rate constants for thermal decomposition calculated from the activation parameters showed the structural dependency. The relative thermal stability of two polymers under 50°C was in this order: DNPA/DNBA [ PDNPA.

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“…PBXs compositions are based on HEMs such as octahydro l,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), hexahydrol,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TATB), and hexanitro hexaazaisowurtzitane. HNIW, popularly known as CL-20 are extensively studied by researchers using various polymer binders such as Viton A, a vinylidene fluoride (VDF)-hexafluoropropylene (HFP) copolymer; Kel-F, a VDF-chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Estane 5703; a poly(ester urethane) block copolymer and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . PBXs are an explosive material in which explosive powder is bonded together in a matrices using 5-10 % by weight of synthetic polymer 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Explosive Properties of Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Mixture of HMX and tAtB

Singh¹,

Kumar²,

Soni³

et al. 2013

DSJ

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This paper describes formulation of plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) compositions based on 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TATB), Octahydro l,3,5,3,5, by varying their relative amounts with Viton A as polymeric binder by slurry coating technique. These PBXs compositions are studied for mechanical and detonic properties. It has been observed that sensitivity and explosive performance of PBXs based on mixture of HMX and TATB were varied over a wide considerable range by varying relative amounts of TATB and HMX. The detonation study revealed there was increased in velocity of detonation (VOD) and detonation pressure with increasing amount of HMX from 10-80 % by weight. The sensitivity test results exhibited that insensitivity to impact for PBXs compositions was found to decrease with increasing HMX amount. Friction sensitivity study showed that no reactions were observed upto 36 kg load for PBXs compositions namely HT6030, HT5040, HT4050, HT3060, HT2070 and HT1080. The compressive strength of these PBXs compositions was found within the range of 9-11 MPa.

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Thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of Formex-bonded explosives containing different cyclic nitramines

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Multistep Thermolysis Mechanisms of Azido-s-triazine Derivatives and Kinetic Compensation Effects for the Rate-Limiting Processes

Multistep Thermolysis Mechanisms of Azido-s-triazine Derivatives and Kinetic Compensation Effects for the Rate-Limiting Processes

Thermal decomposition and kinetics studies on the poly (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate–2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer

Mechanical and Explosive Properties of Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Mixture of HMX and tAtB

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