Thermal batteries based on inverse barocaloric effects

Abstract

To harvest and reuse low-temperature waste heat, we propose and realize an emergent concept—barocaloric thermal batteries based on the large inverse barocaloric effect of ammonium thiocyanate (NH 4 SCN). Thermal charging is initialized upon pressurization through an order-to-disorder phase transition, and the discharging of 43 J g −1 takes place at depressurization, which is 11 times more than the input mechanical energy. The thermodynamic equilibrium nature of the pressure-restrained heat-carrying phase guarantees stable long-duration storage. The barocaloric thermal batteries reinforced by their solid microscopic mechanism are expected to substantially advance the ability to take advantage of waste heat.

Barocaloric response of plastic crystal 2-methyl-2-nitro-1-propanol across and far from the solid-solid phase transition

“…pressure-driven waste heat recovery [6,7,31,32], ∆S is the relevant quantity. Upon a moderate pressure decrease from ∆p ≃ 100 MPa to atmospheric pressure (+86 MPa upon compression), MNP displays |∆S| ≃ 400 J K −1 kg −1 , which exceeds most of the values reported previously.…”

“…These barocaloric (BC) effects could be functionalized in more sustainable coolers and heat pumps [3][4][5], as a potential solution to the environmental thread posed by billions of current appliances that use potent greenhouse hydrofluorocarbon fluids. Similarly, BC effects in plastic crystals have also been proposed for thermal energy management actively controlled by pressure [6,7]. Furthermore, plastic crystals are, overall, of null or low toxicity, cheap and readily available.…”

Pressure-freezing of dodecane: exploring the crystal structures, formation kinetics and phase diagrams for colossal barocaloric effects in n-alkanes

“…Entropy changes may arise from structure and volume variation: occupational, configurational and orientational disorder. 24,25 Contribution from the adiabatic compression/expansion (incipient BC effect) to the caloric response should also be considered, in case of highly compressible materials. In other words: the softer and more structurally disordered material, the larger BC response can be expected.…”

“…In this study we evaluate the colossal BC effect of jDSj = 778 J kg −1 K −1 in n-dodecane, driven by liquid-solid transition at ∼0.15 GPa and 295 K. This is the largest entropy change ever determined experimentally for a BC material to date. The jDSj values for selected state-of-the-art BC materials, 17,25,27,36,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] are collated in Fig. 1.…”

Atomic Structure and Dynamics of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Formamidinium Lead Iodide

“…Figure b summarizes the Q dependence of Γ at 100 and 130 K. In order to analyze EISF more accurately, we try to consider a QENS signal was contributed by two parts, one from molecules in motion and one from molecules that appear to be static: .25ex2ex E I S F = false( 1 − f false) + f × E I S F false( C 4 false) where f is the fraction of FA cations that are free to rotate. Usually, the slower motion is frozen while the faster motion is still active in the low-temperature phases in molecular solids, , so we assume the C 2 component might be suppressed in this γ-phase. Thus, we use the C 4 model to account for the EISF data for this phase.…”