“…Proton beams of a few MeV, for example, can be used for various surface analyses, from Rutherford backscattering to the induction of characteristic x-ray fluorescence, to the production of nuclear reactions on light nuclei or for the generation of ionizing tracks in insulators. [1][2][3][4] Proton beams of 60-100 MeV energy, for example, can be used for radiotherapy of superficial and deep tumors. [5] Proton beams with energy lower than 100 keV can be used for the treatment of surface layers of different materials, for the study of atomic collisional processes, for the effects of the Bragg peak of energetic beams for biological treatments and radiotherapy on cell cultures and tumoral tissues.…”