Thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of flame retardant high impact polystyrene with triphenyl phosphate and novolac epoxy resin

Li, Huiyong; Cai, Changgeng; Chen, Yukun; Jia, Demin

doi:10.1007/s11595-006-3486-3

Cited by 18 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The nanoporous LC network can adsorb 30 times more than the well‐known adsorbent, activated carbon . However, a poly(acrylic acid) based hydrogel was able to adsorb even more MB. This is caused by the lower molecular mass of acrylic acid with respect to the benzoic acid derivative in our network.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, various (porous) materials are described that show selective adsorption, such as silica, hydrogels, or metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) . High adsorption capacities were found for materials based on functionalized biological waste or clay–polymer composites, but these materials were not selective. Recently, a charge‐selective supramolecular hydrogel with high adsorption capacity was published, but the adsorption process was slow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Efficient and Selective Adsorbents

Kuringen

Eikelboom

Shishmanova

et al. 2014

Adv Funct Materials

104

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

5045www.MaterialsViews.com wileyonlinelibrary.com capacities were found for materials based on functionalized biological waste [ 13 ] or clay-polymer composites, [ 14 ] but these materials were not selective. Recently, a charge-selective supramolecular hydrogel [ 15 ] with high adsorption capacity was published, but the adsorption process was slow. Materials which show high selectivity as well as high capacity in combination with a fast adsorption process are practically unavailable.We have previously reported a fabrication process for nanoporous membranes based on the self-organization of reactive thermotropic hydrogen-bonded smectic liquid crystals (LCs). [ 16,17 ] The membranes were created by photo-polymerization to lock the smectic structure into a network followed by an alkaline treatment to break the hydrogen bonds. Minute interstices are formed and the smectic nature of the material results in pores with a two-dimensional geometry. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the width of the straight pores is around 1 nm. A dye was used to measure the local pH in the pores and to prove the porosity. Furthermore, these pores could be fi lled with silver ions, and subsequently reduced to silver nanoparticles. The diameter and orientation of these nanoparticles were controlled by the pore size and shape of the material. [ 18 ] This nanoporous material is expected to be a good candidate for an adsorbent material due to the well-organized structure with high surface area and permeability, which promote the adsorption capacity and kinetics. Furthermore, the confi ned pore interior will be benefi cial for selective adsorption. Nanoporous, LC networks have been studied earlier for use as nanoporous membranes, [19][20][21] in host-guest chemistry, [ 22 ] molecular imprinting, and chiral recognition. To our knowledge, however, nanoporous materials based on reactive thermotropic liquid crystals have never been considered as selective and fast adsorbents with a high capacity. Results and Discussion Preparation and Characterization of a Smectic Liquid Crystalline NetworkThe LC mixture with 4-(6-acryloyloxylhexyloxy)benzoic acid (6OBA) and 1,4-phenylene bis(4-(6-(acryloyloxy)hexyloxy) Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Effi cient and Selective AdsorbentsHuub P. C. van Kuringen , Geert M. Eikelboom , Ivelina K. Shishmanova , Dirk J. Broer, * and Albertus P. H. J. Schenning * An effi cient and selective porous nanostructured polymer adsorbent is prepared from smectic liquid crystals. The adsorption study is performed by using hydrophilic dyes as water pollutants. The anionic pore interior of the nanoporous polymer is able to selectively adsorb cationic methylene blue over anionic methyl orange. Even zwitter ionic rhodamine B could hardly be adsorbed due to the presence of the anionic group in this dye. The confi ned pore dimensions allow size selective adsorption; a 4 th generation cationic dendrimer is not able to diffuse into the nanometer sized pores. The porous nature of the polymer p...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Efficient and Selective Adsorbents

Kuringen

Eikelboom

Shishmanova

et al. 2014

Adv Funct Materials

104

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, hydrogel nanocomposites of acrylamide (AM), itaconic acid and montmorillonite,11 poly(2‐(N,N‐dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate‐ co ‐2‐acrylamido‐2‐methlypropane sulfonic acid‐ co ‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) terpolymer/montmorillonite nanocomposite hydrogels,12 and starch‐graft‐acrylic acid/montmorillonite superabsorbent nanocomposite hydrogels13 have been employed for the removal of cationic dyes, anionic dyes and metal ions, respectively. Chitosan‐ g ‐poly(acrylic acid)/attapulgite composites,14 chitosan‐ g ‐poly(acrylic acid)/biotite composites,15 chitosan‐ g ‐poly(acrylic acid)/halloysite composites,16 chitosan‐ g ‐poly(acrylic acid)/vermiculite hydrogels nanocomposites,17 carboxymethyl cellulose‐ g ‐poly(acrylic acid)/attapulgite hydrogel composites,18 and pH‐responsive bisaromatic hydrogelator derived from isophthalic acid19 have been used for the adsorption of a cationic dye methylene blue (MB). Gamma irradiation synthesized Na‐alginate/AM hydrogels,20 chitosan hydrogel/SiO 2 , and chitin hydrogel/SiO 2 hybrid materials,21 polyvinyl alcohol and activated carbon‐based hydrogels and composites,22 semi‐interpenetrating network hydrogels composed of polyethylene glycol and random copolymer of AM/sodium methacrylate,23 macroporous hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid‐acrylamide) hydrogel24 and poly(acrylic acid‐ co ‐acrylamide)/attapulgite composites25 have been employed for the adsorption of various cationic dyes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of adsorption of methylene blue and rhodamine 6G on acrylic acid‐based superabsorbents

Shukla

Madras

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) of acrylic acid, sodium acrylate, and acrylamide (AM), crosslinked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, were synthesized by inverse suspension polymerization. The equilibrium swelling capacities of the SAPs were determined and these decreased with increasing AM content. The adsorption of the two cationic dyes, methylene blue and rhodamine 6G, on the dry as well as equilibrium swollen SAPs was investigated. The amount of the dye adsorbed at equilibrium per unit weight of the SAPs and the rate constants of adsorption were determined. The amount of the dye adsorbed at equilibrium by the SAPs decreased with increasing mol % of AM in the SAPs. The amount of the dye adsorbed at equilibrium was almost equal for the dry and equilibrium swollen SAPs. However, the equilibrium swollen SAPs adsorbed dyes at a higher rate than the dry SAPs. The higher rate of adsorption was attributed to the availability of all the anionic groups present in the fully elongated conformation of the SAPs in the equilibrium swollen state. The effect of initial dye concentration on the adsorption was also investigated and the adsorption was described by Langmuir adsorption isotherms.

show abstract

“…Udeo neorganskog punila u polimernim kompozitima takođe je pokazao značajan uticaj na sorpciju boja. Liu i saradnici su ispitujudi sorpcione mogudnosti hitozan-g-poli(akrilna kiselina)/vermikulit kompozitnih hidrogelova za uklanjanje boje metil ljubičaste, utvrdili da uvođenjem 10 mas% vermikulita sorpcioni kapacitet raste sa 1570 mg g -1 na 1610 mg g -1 , ali i da sa daljim povedanjem koncentracije punila on značajno opada [225]. Na osnovu dosadašnjih saznanja, boja BY28 nije uklanjana sorpcijom na polimernim hidrogelovima, a hidrogelovi na bazi delimično i potpuno neutralisane poli(metakrilne kiseline) i kompoziti PMAA/zeolit, ispitani u ovom radu, nisu bili predmet ranijih istraživanja.…”

Section: Vrsta Boje Rastvorljivostunclassified

“…Kada je vrednost 1/n bliža 0 površina adsorbenta je heterogenija, dok je pri 1/n=1 reč o linearnoj adsorpciji i adsorpcionim centrima jednake energije. Ukoliko je 1/n<1 to ukazuje na Langmir-ov adsorpcioni model, dok je u slučaju 1/n>1 u pitanju kooperativna adsorpcija [233,235,236]. Takođe, više vrednosti 1/n ukazuju na vedu adsorpciju pri nižim koncentracijama, kao i postojanje velikog udela aktivnih centara sa visokom energijom [237].…”

Section: Freundlich-ova Adsorpciona Izotermaunclassified

Synthesis and properties of methacrylic acid based hydrogels modified with zeolites

Panic¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of flame retardant high impact polystyrene with triphenyl phosphate and novolac epoxy resin

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Efficient and Selective Adsorbents

Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Efficient and Selective Adsorbents

Kinetics of adsorption of methylene blue and rhodamine 6G on acrylic acid‐based superabsorbents

Synthesis and properties of methacrylic acid based hydrogels modified with zeolites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About