Thermal and thermo-catalytic degradation of high-density polyethylene waste

Miskolczi, Norbert; Bartha, L.; Deák, G.; Jóvér, B.; Kalló, D.

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2004.07.002

Cited by 127 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is obvious from figure 10 that Br-HIPS had a significant impact on the pyrolysis products of polyethylene. When polyethylene was pyrolysed on its own, the oil/wax was made up of both 1-alkenes and n-alkanes, which has been reported to occur by other authors [21,24]. However, when polyethylene was mixed with Br-HIPS, the oil/wax was made-up almost exclusively of n-alkanes, which could be the result of the transfer of hydrogen from the polystyrene chains to the radicals that resulted from the random scission of polyethylene.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Polyolefin Pyrolysis Oils And Waxesmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…There is some dispute in the literature about the composition of the pyrolysis gas resulting from the decomposition of polyolefins, with some claiming that the alkane gases outnumber the alkenes [21] and some claiming the reverse case [15,22]. When Miskolczi et al [13] co-pyrolysed polystyrene and HDPE they found that the alkane gases significantly outnumbered the alkene gases, but when Williams and Williams co-pyrolysed polystyrene and LDPE, the alkene gases significantly outnumbered the alkane gases [15].…”

Section: Pyrolysis Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The co-pyrolysis of flame retarded high impact polystyrene and polyolefins

Hall

Mitan

Bhaskar

et al. 2007

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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The co-pyrolysis of brominated high impact polystyrene (Br-HIPS) with polyolefins using a fixed bed reactor has been investigated, in particular, the effect that different types brominated aryl compounds and antimony trioxide have on the pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis products were analysed using FT-IR, GC-FID, GC-MS, and GC-ECD. Liquid chromatography was used to separate the oils/waxes so that a more detailed analysis of the aliphatic, aromatic, and polar fractions could be carried out. It was found that interaction occurs between Br-HIPS and polyolefins during copyrolysis and that the presence of antimony trioxide influences the pyrolysis mass balance. Analysis of the Br-HIPS + polyolefin co-pyrolysis products showed that the presence of polyolefins led to an increase in the concentration of alkyl and vinyl mono-substituted benzene rings in the pyrolysis oil/wax resulting from Br-HIPS pyrolysis. The presence of Br-HIPS also had an impact on the oil/wax products of polyolefin pyrolysis, particularly on the polyethylene oil/wax composition which converted from being a mixture of 1-alkenes and n-alkanes to mostly n-alkanes. Antimony trioxide had very little impact on the polyolefin wax/oil composition but it did suppress the formation of styrene and alpha-methyl styrene and increase the formation of ethylbenzene and cumene during the pyrolysis of the Br-HIPS.

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Section: Analysis Of the Polyolefin Pyrolysis Oils And Waxesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Pyrolysis Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The co-pyrolysis of flame retarded high impact polystyrene and polyolefins

Hall

Mitan

Bhaskar

et al. 2007

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…The gaseous product composition of PS pyrolysis as a function of the reforming temperature is shown in Figure 13. It can be seen that C 2 and C 3 gases (>65 mol %) were the main components of gaseous products, which originated from the relatively moderate acidity and large pore size of the HY-zeolite catalyst (Miskolczi et al, 2004). As the reforming temperature increase, the mol percentage of H 2, C 1 and C 4+ gases were decreased whereas C 2 , C 3 and hydrocarbons were increased.…”

Section: Effect Of the Reforming Temperaturementioning

confidence: 98%

“…2; consequence of the coking on the catalyst surfaces at a higher temperature. The formation of coke influenced catalyst activity by covering some of the active sites and blocking the channels which could make the inner active sites inaccessible for the reactant molecules (Miskolczi, Bartha, Deak, Jover, & Kallo, 2004 ;Uemichi, Hattori, Itoh, Nakamura, & Sugioka, 1998).…”

Section: Effect Of the Reforming Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase of C 3 and C 4+ hydrocarbons were resulted from the conversion of liquid products into gaseous products. In addition, more than 80 mol% of the final gaseous products was C 2 , C 3 , C 4+ hydrocarbons; which originated from the relatively moderate acidity and large pore size of the HY-zeolite catalyst (Miskolczi et al, 2004 ;Audisio & Bertini, 1990 ;Chumbhale et al, 2005). In large scale application, the high quality of gaseous product can be used as a fuel either for driving gas engines or for dual-fuel diesel engines.…”

Section: Effect Of the Reforming Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-Production of Liquid and Gaseous Fuels from Polyethylene and Polystyrene in a Continuous Sequential Pyrolysis and Catalytic Reforming System

Syamsiro¹,

H²,

Komoto³

et al. 2013

EER

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This paper deals with the potential of using sequential pyrolysis and catalytic reforming process in a continuous system for the conversion of polyethylene and polystyrene into liquid and gaseous fuels using the HY-zeolite catalyst for the catalytic reforming of pyrolysis gas generated in a pyrolyzer. The effect of reforming temperature and the weight hourly space velocity on the product yields, liquid and gaseous compositions have been investigated for each feedstock. The experiments were carried out at the pyrolyzer temperature of 450 °C, the reforming temperature of 400, 450, and 500 °C and the weight hourly space velocity of 2, 3, and 4 g-sample g-catalyst -1 h -1 . The results show that increasing the reforming temperature and decreasing the weight hourly space velocity have resulted in an increase of gaseous and solid products while the liquid product decreased. The maximum oil production for HDPE (70.0wt%) and PS (88.1wt%) were obtained at the pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C, the reforming temperature of 450 °C and the weight hourly space velocity of 4. The C2, C3 and C4+ gases (>75 mol %) were the main components of the gaseous and liquid products for HDPE. In case of PS, the C2 and C3 gases (>65 mol %) were the main components of the gaseous product. The high quality of gaseous products can be used as a fuel either for driving gas engines or for dual-fuel diesel engines.

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