Thermal analysis of cesium hafnium chloride using DSC–TG under vacuum, nitrogen atmosphere, and in enclosed system

Král, Robert; Zemenová, Petra; Vaněček, V.; Bystřický, Aleš; Kohoutková, Martina; Jarý, V.; Kodama, Shohei; Kurosawa, Shunsuke; Yokota, Yuui; Yoshikawa, Akira; Nikl, M.

doi:10.1007/s10973-019-09087-7

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This possibly derives from the evaporation of HfCl 4 and Triton X-100 surface groups. 51 Triton X-100 is not oxidised, since this would lead to an exothermic feature and a CO stretch in the IR-spectrum at 1700 cm -1 as observed by Mitsuda et al 51 The sharp endothermic peak, which occurs at 597 °C in both air and N 2 , is attributed to the eutectic melting of 45,47 The decomposition of the samples occurs from 700 °C onwards, forming CsCl and HfCl 4 . In air, the DSC indicates an exothermic process, due to the oxidation of hafnium.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Other similar halide materials have been studied with respect to their thermal decomposition in N 2 and decomposition temperatures have been reported at 670 to 800 °C for Cs 2 SiF 6 and 775 °C for Cs 2 HfCl 6 . 46,47,50 This decomposition is ascribed to the formation of CsF and SiF 4 and CsCl and HfCl 4 respectively.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, the endothermic peak in the DSC at 500 °C shows that the material changes at this temperature in both atmospheres possibly due to eutectic melting of Cs 2 HfF 6 which has been reported for CHC (figure 4 b)). [45][46][47] Nikl et al attribute the eutectic melting to the formation of gaseous HfCl 4 in the presence of the solids Cs 2 HfCl 6 and CsCl. This phenomenon is independent of the presence of oxygen and can be ascribed solely to the components of the inorganic crystal.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis and luminescence of Cs₂HfCl₆ micro- and Cs₂HfF₆ nanoparticles

Fellener

Lauria

2022

J. Mater. Chem. C

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Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and luminescence of Cs₂HfCl₆ micro- and Cs₂HfF₆ nanoparticles

Fellener

Lauria

2022

J. Mater. Chem. C

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“…Authors in [18] prepared a high-quality single-phase undoped Cs 2 HfCl 6 crystal and described material stability and thermal behavior by the simultaneous non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry (DSC-TG) analysis. In addition, the influence of various atmospheres (nitrogen and vacuum) and conditions (enclosed system in a sealed quartz ampule) on the CHC compound stability were investigated.…”

Section: Crystal Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Cs2HfCl6 Crystal Scintillator: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Nagorny

2021

Physics

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Recent progress in Cs2HfCl6 (CHC) crystal production achieved within the last five years is presented. Various aspects have been analyzed, including the chemical purity of raw materials, purification methods, optimization of the growth and thermal conditions, crystal characterization, defect structure, and internal radioactive background. Large volume, crack-free, and high quality CHC crystals with an ultimate scintillating performance were produced as a result of such extensive research and development (R & D) program. For example, the CHC crystal sample with dimensions ∅23 × 30 mm3 demonstrates energy resolution of 3.2% FWHM at 662 keV, the relative light output at the level of 30,000 ph/MeV and excellent linearity down to 20 keV. Additionally, this material exhibits excellent pulse shape discrimination ability and low internal background of less than 1 Bq/kg. Furthermore, attempts to produce a high quality CHC crystal resulted in research on this material optimization by constitution of either alkali ions (Cs to Tl), or main element (Hf to Zr), or halogen ions (Cl to Br, I, or their mixture in different ratio), as well as doping with various active ions (Te4+, Ce3+, Eu3+, etc.). This leads to a range of new established scintillating materials, such as Tl2HfCl6, Tl2ZrCl6, Cs2HfCl4Br2, Cs2HfCl3Br3, Cs2ZrCl6, and Cs2HfI6. To exploit the whole potential of these compounds, detailed studies of the material’s fundamental properties, and understanding of the variety of the luminescence mechanisms are required. This will help to understand the origin of the high light yield and possible paths to further extend it. Perspectives of CHC crystals and related materials as detectors for rare nuclear processes are also discussed.

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“…42,43 The bands around 758 and 835 cm À1 were assigned to the Hf-O bonds in Hf-TA. 44,45 Although the characteristic band of the Hf-O bond in Hf-TA at 758 cm À1 partially overlapped with that of the phenyl ring vibration (742 cm À1 ), the distinct blue-shi of the band from 669 cm À1 in HfO 2 to 693 cm À1 in Hf-TA showed the existence of the Ar-O-Hf bonds, i.e. Hf 4+ had connected with the phenolic hydroxyl groups in TA.…”

Section: Catalyst Screening and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 97%