Thermal Analysis in Polymer Flammability

Pearce, Eli M.; Khanna, Y. P.; Raucher, Daniel

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-703780-6.50013-4

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Organophosphorous compounds operate in this manner. 23 Flame retardants that function in the condensed phase are characterized by enhanced char formation and their retention in the char or incompletely burnt residue. Flame retardation by a vapor-phase mechanism is characterized by the loss of the flame retardant from the burning element.24*25 From the results of the elemental analyses, in both GE-MVP and GE-MPP, the P content of the incompletely burnt char and char were close to that of the unburnt composite, within ?lo% and +30%, respectively.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Flame-retarding Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties of tropical wood–polymer composites

Yap

Que

Chia

et al. 1991

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SYNOPSISWood-polymer composites ( WPC) of Geronggang ( GE; Crutoxylon arborescens) , a light tropical hardwood, impregnated with methyl methacrylate (MMA ) , styrene-co-acrylonitrile ( 3 : 2; STAN), methyl methacrylate-co-bis( 2-chloroethy1)vinyl phosphonate ( 3 : 1; MVP) and methyl methacrylate-co-bis (chloropropyl) -2-propene phosphonate ( 3 : 1; MPP) , were prepared by in situ polymerization using y-radiation or catalyst-heat treatment. Thermal characterization of these WPC by limiting oxygen index measurements (LOI) , thermogravimetry (TG) , and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the impregnants greatly modified the wood properties. The LO1 values of the GE-MVP and GE-MPP composites were much higher than that for GE and the other composites, indicating the effectiveness of the phosphonates as flame retardants. Concomitantly, the flaming characteristics also compared favorably against that for GE and the other composites. The decomposition temperature and maximum rate of weight loss determined by TG for GE-MVP and GE-MPP were substantially reduced, whereas the char yields were greatly higher. These observations again indicate that phosphonates imparted flame-retarding properties to their composites. The thermal properties of GE-MMA and GE-STAN composites were not vastly different from that of untreated GE. Flame retardancy in the phosphonatecontaining composites was effected through both the condensed-and gaseous-phase mechanisms due to the presence of phosphorus and chlorine, respectively. Indication of grafting of polymer to wood was found for GE-STAN, GE-MVP, and GE-MPP composites, but not for GE-MMA. Composites prepared by y-radiation or by the catalyst-heat treatment had similar thermal characteristics.

show abstract

Section: Mechanism Of Flame-retarding Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties of tropical wood–polymer composites

Yap

Que

Chia

et al. 1991

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(12) . 사용한 시 험편의 두께는 10 mm로서 크기는 100 mm × 100 mm ( ) 의 성 등에 따라 결정된다 (22)(23)(24) . 시험하는 동안에 측정되는 주 연소특성은 열방출율이다.…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Combustion Characteristics of Pinus rigida Specimens Treated with Phosphorus-Nitrogen Additives

Chung¹

2015

Fire Science and Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was performed to test the combustive properties of Pinus rigida specimens treated with phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) additives. Each Pinus rigida specimen was painted three times with 15 wt% P-N additive solutions at room temperature. After drying the treated specimens, the combustion properties were examined using a cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). The time to ignition (TTI) for the treated specimens was 90 to 148 s except for the specimen treated with PP/ 4NH 4 + , and the time to flameout (TF) was 556 to 633 s, which was longer than that of virgin plate. While the The specimens treated with P-N additives showed 12.5 to 43.4% higher mean heat release rate (HRR m e a n ) and 11.8 to 43.1% higher total heat release (THR) than virgin plate. The effective heat of combustion (EHC) was by 2.9 to 17.5% lower than that of virgin plate. It can thus be concluded that the combustion-retardation properties were partially improved compared to those of virgin plate.

show abstract

“…가연성 물질이 연소될 때의 에너지 방출 속도, 연기생성, 가스 독성은 가연물의 종류, 밀도, 수분함량, 열침투성 및 열적특성 등에 따라 결정 된다 [11][12][13]. 시험하는 동안에 측정되는 주 연소특성은 열방출률이다.…”

Section: 시험편의 열방출 성질unclassified

Combustion Characteristics of Swine Manure, Poultry Manure and Mixtures

Chung¹

2013

Applied Chemistry for Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, the combustive properties of the swine manure, poultry manure, and mixtures based on the resource recycling-energy were investigated. After the specimens were dried to a constant weight by dry oven, combustive properties were tested by the cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). It was found that the peak effective heat of combustion (PEHC) in the swine manure (78.72 MJ/kg) has risen due to more amount of the hydrocabon compared with poultry manure (69.41 MJ/kg), also the swine manure increased both of the higher CO2 production rate (0.1959 g/s) and total smoke release rate (THRR) (419 m 2 /m 2 ) than those of the poultry manure. However, both of the CO production release (0.0996 kg/kg) and CO production rate (0034 g/s) in the poultry manure increased due to more amount of the inorganic contents compared with swine manure. Thus, the high combustion energy is expected to generate depend on the hydrocarbon content.Keywords: combustive properties, peak effective heat of combustion, CO production rate, total smoke release rate 1. 서 론

show abstract

Thermal Analysis in Polymer Flammability

Cited by 39 publications

References 59 publications

Thermal properties of tropical wood–polymer composites

Thermal properties of tropical wood–polymer composites

Combustion Characteristics of Pinus rigida Specimens Treated with Phosphorus-Nitrogen Additives

Combustion Characteristics of Swine Manure, Poultry Manure and Mixtures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About