Thermal Aging Rheological Behavior of Magnetorheological Elastomers Based on Silicone Rubber

Aziz, Siti Aishah Abdul; Mazlan, Saiful Amri; Ubaidillah, Ubaidillah; Mohamad, Norzilawati; Choi, Seung–Bok; Aziz, Mohamad Amirul Che; Johari, Mohd Aidy Faizal; Homma, Katsunori

doi:10.3390/ijms21239007

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Surface defects were possibly due to the evolution of low molecular degradation products, which allow the penetration of water and possible decomposing agents (e.g., enzymes) into the bulk of the polymer and facilitate further environmental degradation. This phenomenon was also found by other researchers who tested MRE with thermal aging [27].…”

Section: Micrograph Analysissupporting

confidence: 84%

Declining Performance of Silicone-Based Magnetorheological Elastomers after Accelerated Weathering

et al. 2021

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Magnetorheological elastomers (MRE)-based products are usually located in an area directly exposed to sunlight and rain. However, there is no specific research on the behavior of MRE after accelerated weathering. Therefore, in this study, the changes to the chemical and rheological properties of both isotropic and anisotropic MRE after accelerated weathering were examined. Treated and untreated specimens were compared. MRE specimens with 40% by weight CIP were prepared with no current excitation and another sample was prepared with 1.5 T of magnetic flux density. Each specimen was treated in an accelerated weathering machine, Q-Sun Xe-1 Xenon Test Chamber, under a UV light exposure cycle and water spray. A material characterization was carried out using FTIR and a rheometer to determine the changes to the chemical and rheological properties. The morphological analysis results showed that after the weather treatment, the surface was rough and more cavities occurred. The rheometer test results showed a significant decrease in the storage modulus of each treated MRE specimen, unlike the untreated MRE specimens. The decrease in the storage modulus value with currents of 0, 1, 2, and 3 Amperes was 66.67%, 78.9%, 85.2%, and 80.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, FTIR testing showed a change in the wave peak between the untreated and treated MRE specimens. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) also showed a decrease in MRE weight for each specimen. However, for both treated and untreated MRE specimens, the decrease in TGA was not significantly different. In all the tests carried out on the MRE samples, weather acceleration treatment caused significant changes. This is an important consideration for developers who choose silicone as the MRE matrix.

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Section: Micrograph Analysissupporting

confidence: 84%

Declining Performance of Silicone-Based Magnetorheological Elastomers after Accelerated Weathering

et al. 2021

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“…Surface defects is possibly due to the evolution of low molecular degradation products, allow the penetration of water and possible decomposing agents (e.g, enzymes) into the bulk of the polymer and facilitate further environmental degradation. This phenomenon was also found by other researcher which tested MRE with thermal aging [27].…”

Section: Micrograph Analysissupporting

confidence: 81%

Performance Degradation of Silicon Based Magnetorheological Elastomer Under Accelerated Weathering Treatment

Wibowo¹,

Lenggana²,

Ubaidillah³

et al. 2020

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Silicone RTV-based engineering rubber composite products have been widely used for several applications in various fields as a major component such as structure, automotive, and medical. In its application, the rubber composite product is placed in an open area that is directly exposed to sunlight and rain. It has a significant negative impact on changes in chemical and rheological properties, making the product life of rubber composite products shorter. Therefore, in this study, changes in the chemical and rheological properties of both isotropic and anisotropic magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) treated with accelerated weathering were studied compared to untreated specimens with specimens that had been treated. MRE specimens with 40% by weight CIP were prepared with no current excitation and another sample were made under 1.5 T of magnetic flux density. Each specimen was treated in an accelerated weathering machine Q-Sun Xe-1 Xenon Test Chamber with a UV light exposure cycle for 102 minutes and 18 minutes of UV light combined with water spray for 24 hours followed by a condensation cycle of 4 hours in a dark period. Material characterization was carried out using FTIR and Rheometer to determine the changes in chemical and rheological properties. The morphological analysis results showed that the surface was rough and more cavities occurred after being given weather treatment. Rheometer test results showed a decrease in storage modulus in each MRE specimen that had been treated compared to untreated MRE specimens. Meanwhile, FTIR testing showed a change in wave peak between untreated and treated MRE specimens.

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“…In fact, the initial loss factor was also enhanced due to an interfacial defect caused by thermal aging, which resulted in a higher interfacial damping. Recently, Aziz et al [33] studied the deterioration of rheological properties related to the phase shift angle (δ) of SR-based MRE with 60 wt% under the effect of thermal aging. The results demonstrated that the temperature has altered and simultaneously increased the phase shift angle (δ) along the strain, predominantly at a higher strain (>1%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss Factor Behavior of Thermally Aged Magnetorheological Elastomers

et al. 2021

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Polymer composites have been widely used as damping materials in various applications due to the ability of reducing the vibrations. However, the environmental and surrounding thermal exposure towards polymer composites have affected their mechanical properties and lifecycle. Therefore, this paper presents the effect of material-temperature dependence on the loss factor and phase shift angle characteristics. Two types of unageing and aging silicone-rubber-based magnetorheological elastomer (SR-MRE) with different concentrations of carbonyl iron particles (CIPs), 30 and 60 wt%, are utilized in this study. The morphological, magnetic, and rheological properties related to the loss factor and phase shift angle are characterized using a low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer and rheometer, respectively. The morphological analysis of SR-MRE consisting of 30 wt% CIPs revealed a smoother surface area when compared to 60 wt% CIPs after thermal aging due to the improvement of CIPs dispersion in the presence of heat. Nevertheless, the rheological analysis demonstrated inimitable rheological properties due to different in-rubber structures, shear deformation condition, as well as the influence of magnetic field. No significant changes of loss factor occurred at a low CIPs concentration, whilst the loss factor increased at a higher CIPs concentration. On that basis, it has been determined that the proposed changes of the polymer chain network due to the long-term temperature exposure of different concentrations of CIPs might explain the unique rheological properties of the unaged and aged SR-MRE.

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Thermal Aging Rheological Behavior of Magnetorheological Elastomers Based on Silicone Rubber

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Declining Performance of Silicone-Based Magnetorheological Elastomers after Accelerated Weathering

Declining Performance of Silicone-Based Magnetorheological Elastomers after Accelerated Weathering

Performance Degradation of Silicon Based Magnetorheological Elastomer Under Accelerated Weathering Treatment

Loss Factor Behavior of Thermally Aged Magnetorheological Elastomers

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