“…Currently, most heat transfer mediums in transpiration cooling adopt metal structures like porous stainless steel, [6][7][8] high-entropy alloy, 9 and porous copper material. [10][11][12] These metal structures possess well mechanical strength and thermal conductivity, but they cannot be applied in high-temperature environment. 13,14 Additionally, some ceramic structures, like porous ceramics [15][16][17] and threedimensional woven ceramic matrix composites, 18,19 are also used for heat transfer medium; it is a fantastic idea to overcome the high temperature resistance and lightweight problem, but there are still some shortcomings, including water oxygen corrosion and chemical reactions, when liquid water is used as a coolant because it has higher cooling efficiency than gas, 20,21 which seriously restricts the temperature limit of these porous ceramic structures.…”